Musle Anatomy Of The Lower Limb

Question 1

Gluteals (3)

Answer 1

Proximal attachment: outer surface of ilium and sacrum
Distal attachment: lateral and posterior aspects of the proximal femur
Function: hip extension, hip abduction

Question 2

Iliopsoas

Answer 2

Proximal attachment: anterior of the lumbar vertebrae, ilium (iliac fossa)
Distal attachment: medial aspect of proximal femur
Function: hip flexion, pelvis tilt (forward)

Question 3

Adductors (5)

Answer 3

Proximal attachment: pubis
Distal attachment: medial femur
Function: hip adduction

Question 4

Quadriceps femoris (4)

Answer 4

Rectus femoris (superficial)
Vastus lateralis
Vastus medialis
Vastus intermedius (deep)
Proximal attachment: anterior proximal femur (3 vastus muscles); anterior aspects of the ilium (rectus femoris) *function: hip flexion only ^
Distal attachment: anterior proximal tibia ( tibial tuberosity)
Function: knee extension, hip flexion

Question 5

Hamstrings (4)

Answer 5

Proximal attachments: iscial tuberosity ( ischium)
Distal attachment: posterior (medial and lateral), proximal tibia (knee)
Function: hip extension, knee flexion

Question 6

Tibialis anterior

Answer 6

Proximal attachment: proximal (anterior) 2/3 of tibia
Distal attachment: top of 1st metatarsal (ankle)
Function: dorsiflexion of the lot (raising toes not heels off the floor)

Question 7

Calf muscles: Gastronemius (superficial)

Answer 7

Proximal attachment: posterior (medial and lateral) distal femur
Distal attachment: calcaneus
Function: foot plantar flexion (pointing toes)

Question 8

Calf muscles: soleus

Answer 8

Proximal attachment: posterior proximal tibia
Distal attachment: calcaneus
Function: foot plantar flexion(pointing toes)