Muscles Of The Upper Limb

Question 1

Deltoid anterior

Answer 1

Proximal attachment- lateral clavicle
Distal attachment- deltoid tubercle humerus
Crossing the shoulder on the anterior, lateral and posterior side
Functions-shoulder (humerus) flexion
Internal (medial) rotation
EX move arm forward

Question 2

Middle deltoid

Answer 2

Proximal attachment- lateral clavicle, acrominion process
Distal attachment- deltoid tubercle of humerus
Function- shoulder (humerus) abduction

Question 3

Posterior deltoid

Answer 3

Proximal attachment- lateral spine of the scapula
Distal attachment- deltoid tubercle of humerus
Function- should (humerus) extension, external (lateral) rotation

Question 4

Rotator cuff group

Answer 4

Subscapularis
Infraspinatus
Supraspinatus

Question 5

Supraspinatus (rotator cuff muscle)

Answer 5

Proximal attachment- posterior scapula (back of shoulder blade)
Distal attachment- superior aspect of head of humerus (upper arm)
Function- shoulder (humerus) abduction
Crosses shoulder joint

Question 6

Infraspinatus

Answer 6

Proximal attachment- posterior scapula (back of shoulder blade)
Distal attachment- proximal head of humerus (upper arm)
Function- adduction (humerus) shoulder
Lateral rotation of upper arm

Question 7

Subscapularis

Answer 7

Proximal attachment- Subscapular fossa (scapula)
Distal attachment- anterior proximal humerus
Function- medial rotation of humerus

Question 8

Pectoralis major

Answer 8

Proximal attachment- sternum (breast bone) and clavicle (collar bone)
Distal attachment- proximal humerus (upper arm)
Function shoulder horizontal adduction, brining arm down from over head, extension and adduction.
Ex rotation of the arm forward

Question 9

Lattissimus dorsi

Answer 9

Proximal attachment- bottom 6 thoracic vertebrae, all lumbar vertebrae, sacrum
Distal attachment- pass under arm to lip of the bicepital groove
Function- horizontal adduction, (shoulder flexion) brining the arm down from over head (extension or adduction), internal (medial) rotation of humerus

Question 10

Triceps brachii

Answer 10

Proximal attachments- long head: inferior to gelnoid fossa; short head: humerus
Distal attachment- posterior proximal ulna
Function- elbow extension and shoulder extension
Crosses shoulder joint and elbow

Question 11

Biceps brachii

Answer 11

Proximal attachment- scapula
Distal attachment- anterior proximal radius
Function- elbow flexion and shoulder flexion, supination
Crosses shoulder joint

Question 12

Brachialis

Answer 12

Proximal attachment- anterior distal humerus
Distal attachment- anterior proximal ulna
Function- elbow flexion

Question 13

Hand and wrist flexors

Answer 13

Proximal attachements- medial epicondyle of humerus
Distal attachment- carpals and metacarpals
Function- hand and wrist flexion

Question 14

Hand and wrist extensors

Answer 14

Proximal attachment- lateral condyle of humerus
Distal attachment- carpals and metacarpals
Function- hand and wrist extension

Question 15

Agonists

Answer 15

Prime movers
Ex. Quads- knee extension

Question 16

Antagonists

Answer 16

Opposing muscles
If quadriceps are contracting or shortening, hamstrings are stretching it lengthening as to oppose knee extension