Respiratory System Overview Flashcards
1
Q
Two zones of the respiratory system
A
- Conducting zone
- Respiratory zone
2
Q
Pathway of air starting from trachea
A
- trachea
- primary, secondary, tertiary bronchi
- bronchioles
- terminal bronchioles
- respiratory bronchioles
- alveoli
3
Q
What is Boyle’s law?
A
- pressure is inversely proportional to volume
P = 1/V
4
Q
What is atmospheric pressure?
A
- 760 mmHg
5
Q
True/False - When exhalation is complete, the lungs are completely empty
A
- False
6
Q
True/False - During inhalation, the diaphragm moves down and is contracting
A
- True
7
Q
When inhaling, what happens to the pressure inside the lungs?
A
- during halation, pressure in lungs decreases due to volume going up (ribs moving up and out and diaphragm moving down)
- therefore, air moves in due to the intrapulmonary pressure going down and air moving down the pressure gradient
8
Q
Muscles for inhalation
A
- external intercostals contract (found between ribs)
- diaphragm contracts
9
Q
When do the ribs move down and in?
A
- exhalation
10
Q
Muscles for passive exhalation
A
- external intercostals relax
- diaphragm relaxes
11
Q
Muscles for active exhalation
A
- external intercostals relax
- diaphragm relaxes
- internal intercostals contract
- abdominal muscles contract (obliques and rectus abdominis)
12
Q
What happens during a pneumothorax?
A
- transpulmonary pressure becomes zero and one of the lungs collapses
13
Q
What is the normal transpulmonary pressure?
A
- 3 mmHg
- intrapulmonary pressure = 760 mmHg
- intrapleural pressure = 757 mm Hg
