Carbohydrate, Protein, and Lipid absorption

Question 1

How are proteins absorbed into the bloodstream from the small intestine?

Answer 1

• broken down into single amino acids by enzymes in the stomach, pancreas, and small intestine (brush border enzymes)

Question 2

How are fats digested in the digestive system?

Answer 2

• enzymes in stomach (lingual lipase and gastric lipase) , pancreas (pancreatic lipase and colipase), and bile from the liver breakdown the lipids into fatty acids and monoglycerides
• diffuse across the intestinal cell membranes
• return to triglycerides (chylomicron) at the ER once inside the membrane cell

Question 3

How are carbohydrates digested in the digestive system?

Answer 3

• enzymes in mouth (salivary amylase) and pancreas (pancreatic amylase) turn starch into maltose
• brush border enzymes in small intestine catalyze disaccharides into monosaccharides so they can enter the bloodstream