Respiratory System Flashcards
List, in order, the breathing pathway
Nose Pharynx Trachea Bronchi Bronchioles Alveoli
Name the two muscles in the neck that help breathing
Scalene and sternocleidomastoid
Define diffusion
The movement of gas molecules from a high area concentration or partial pressure to the area of low concentration or partial pressure
Define gaseous exchange
Movement of oxygen from the air into the blood and the carbon oxide from the blood into the air
What muscles are used during rest for breathing
Diaphragm and external intercostal muscles
What muscles are used during rest for expiration
Diaphragm and intercostal muscles just relax
What muscles are used during exercise for inspiration
Diaphragm external intercostal muscles pectorals minor sternocleidomastoid scalene
Define tidal volume
Volume of air breathed in or out per breath
Explain lung volume
The movement of air into and out of the lungs. Taking air into the lungs is inspiration and moving air out is expiration. the volume of air inspired or expired per minute is referred to as my needs ventilation and can be calculated by my multiplying the breaths per minute by the tidal volume
What is the inspiratory reserve volume
at Rest we still have the ability to breathe in and out more at the tidal volume this extra amount of air is the inspiratory reserve volume
Define residual volume
Amount of air that remains in the lungs after maximal expiration
Explain minute ventilation
It is the volume of air in held or excelled from the lungs per minute. Changes in minute ventilation occur during different types of exercise. The more demanding the physical activity the more breath increases to meet the extra oxygen demand.
Explain the changes to long volume of capacity during exercise
Tidal volume - increases Inspiratory reserve volume - decreases Expiratory reserve volume - slight decrease Residual volume - remains the same Minute ventilation - big increase
What is a spirometer
A graph to show the volume of air we breathe in and out
What information is shown on spirometre
The inspiratory reserve volume, the inspiratory capacity, vital capacity, tidal volume, expiratory reserve volume, residual volume
