Respiratory system

Question 1

Tube leading from the larynx (throat) that branches into two bronchi

Answer 1

Trachea

Question 2

What do the trachea branch into?

Answer 2

Two bronchi - left and right

Question 3

What rings make up the trachea?

Answer 3

Cartilaginous Rings

Question 4

What do the bronchi branch into?

Answer 4

Bronchioles

Question 5

What are at the end of bronchioles?

Answer 5

Alveoli

Question 6

Top of each lung is called the

Answer 6

Superior lobe (left or right)

Question 7

Names of the Membranes of the lung double membrane and the space between the two

Answer 7

Visceral pleura (inner)
Parietal pleura (outer) 
Pleural cavity ( space between the two)

Question 8

Bottom of the lung

Answer 8

(Left or right) inferior lobe

Question 9

What surrounds alveoli?

Answer 9

Capillary network

Question 10

Nasal cavity function

Answer 10

Sends air to pharynx

Question 11

Pharynx description and function

Answer 11

Chamber behind nasal cavity

Is a passageway for air moving from nasal cavity to larynx

Question 12

Larynx description and function

Answer 12

Enlargement at top of trachea

Passageway for air

Question 13

Trachea description and function

Answer 13

Flexible tube connecting larynx with bronchi

Passageway for air

Question 14

Bronchial tree description and function

Answer 14

Branches of trachea leading to alveoli via bronchioles

Question 15

What are the alveoli and bronchi contained in along with blood vessels?

Answer 15

The lungs

Question 16

Inspiration steps

Answer 16

Diaphragm contracts and moves down
External intercostal muscles pull ribs out and up
Sternum moves up and out
Increases thoracic cavity
Air in trachea moves down into lungs down pressure gradient

Question 17

Expiration steps

Answer 17

Diaphragm relaxes and moves upwards
Internal intercostal muscles contract pulling ribs down and in
Thoracic cavity decreases
Air moves out of lungs down pressure gradient

Question 18

Tidal volume

Answer 18

Volume of air moves in or out of lungs during respiratory cycle

Question 19

Inspiratory reserve volume

Answer 19

Maximum volume of aid that can be inhaled after resting inspiration

Question 20

Expiratory reserve volume

Answer 20

Maximum volume of air that can be exhaled after resting expiration

Question 21

Residual volume

Answer 21

Volume of air remaining in lungs after maximum expiration

Question 22

Inspiratory capacity

Answer 22

Maximum volume of air that can be inhaled following expiration of tidal volume

Question 23

Functional residual capacity

Answer 23

Volume of air remaining in lungs after exhalation of tidal volume

Question 24

Vital capacity

Answer 24

Maximum volume of air can be exhaled after largest breath possible

Question 25

Total lung capacity

Answer 25

Total volume of air that the lungs can hold

Question 26

What do chemoreceptors detect

Answer 26

CO2 and O2 levels on blood

Question 27

What two groups are in the medullary respiratory centre

Answer 27

Central respiratory group | Dorsal respiratory group

Question 28

What does the dorsal respiratory group cause?

Answer 28

Changes in rate and depth of breathing

Question 29

What does the central respiratory group cause

Answer 29

Basic rhythm of breathing

Question 30

What diffuses into the alveoli and what diffuses out?

Answer 30

O2 out | CO2 in

Question 31

What does oxygen bind win in the blood? To form what

Answer 31

Haemaglobin | To form oxyhaemaglobin

Question 32

Where does the carbon dioxide in the blood diffuse from?

Answer 32

Blood plasma to alveolus

Question 33

What is the name of haemaglobin combined with carbon dioxide

Answer 33

Carbaminohemoglobin

Question 34

When carbonic acid (CO2+ water) releases hydrogen ions what is produced?

Answer 34

Bicarbonate ions.

Question 35

Three stages of cellular respiration

Answer 35

Glycolysis Kerbs cycle Electron transport chain

Question 36

In glycolysis glucose is converted to

Answer 36

Pyruvate

Question 37

What is the end product of glycolysis converted to in anaerobic conditions?

Answer 37

Lactic acid

Question 38

How are alveoli prevented from collapsing

Answer 38

Septal cells secrete surfactant which lowers surface tension

Question 39

Most important stimulant of respiratory activity ?

Answer 39

Carbon dioxide