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Biology > Fetal skull > Flashcards

Fetal skull Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

List the three components of the fetal skull

A

The face
The base
The vault

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2
Q

Which two skull components interstate?

A

The face

The base

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3
Q

Which parts of the skull are not part of the moulding process of labour?

A

The face and base

Because they are unable to reduce at all

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4
Q

Where is the vault?

A

The area of the skull from the orbital ridges to the snow of the neck

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5
Q

Which bones does the vault include?

A

The occiput, the vertex, the brow

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6
Q

The brow is also referred to as?

A

The sinciput

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7
Q

In cephalic presentation which the the presenting part?

A

The vertex

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8
Q

What is the denominator of the vertex presentation?

A

The occiput

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9
Q

Draw and label a skull

A 
Face (bottom of chin starts)- brow  brow starts)- vertex (anterior fontanelle starts)- occiput 
(posterior fontanelle starts)
Temporal bone 
Parietal bones
Frontal bone
Occipital bone 
Coronal suture
Saggital suture
Squamous suture
Lambdoid suture
Anterior fontanelle
Posterior fontanelle
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10
Q

Frontal suture

A

Goes from anterior fontanelle to nose

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11
Q

What are sutures?

A

Soft fibrous tissues linking skull bones

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12
Q

What features of the skull enable moulding to take place?

A

The sutures

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13
Q

What is a fontanelle?

A

A membranous, non ossified area of the skull where three or more sutures meet

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14
Q

Anterior fontanelle is also known as?

A

Bregma

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15
Q

Suboccipitofrontal (SOF) diameter

A

10cm

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16
Q

Suboccipitofrontal (SOF) delivery?

A

Deflexed head- breech

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17
Q

Suboccipitofrontal (SOF) Location?

A

Occiput centre to frontal suture centre

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19
Q

Submentobregmatic (SMB) delivery?

A

Face presentation - face fully extended

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20
Q

Submentobregmatic (SMB) location

A

Occiput to anterior fontanelle

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22
Q

Submentovertical (SMV) delivery?

A

Face presentation

Head not fully extended

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23
Q

Submentovertical (SMV) location?

A

Chin to highest point of vertex

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24
Q

Submentobregmatic (SMB) diameter

A

9.5cm

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25
Q

Mentovertical (MV) delivery?

A

Brow presentation

26
Q

Mentovertical (MV) location?

A

Chin to centre of vertex

28
Q

Suboccipitobregmatic (SOB) delivery?

A

Normal vertex presentation

29
Q

Suboccipitobregmatic (SOB) location?

A

Occiput to anterior fontanelle

31
Q

Occipitofrontal (OF) delivery?

A

Persistent occiput posterior position

32
Q

Occipitofrontal (OF) location?

A

Bridge of nose to occiput

33
Q

Moulding

A

Overlapping of fetal skull bones by sutures to allow head to move through pelvis and canal

34
Q

Frontal lobe

A

Area of the brain the the region of the frontal bone

35
Q

Parietal lobe

A

Region of the brain around the parietal bones

36
Q

Temporal lobe

A

Region of the brain around the temporal bone

37
Q

Occipital lobe

A

Region of the brain below the occipital bone

38
Q

Cerebellum location and purpose

A

Region of the brain below the occipital lobe

Receives and processes sensory information from the spinal cord and regulates movement and coordination

39
Q

Medulla oblongata purpose

A

Controls respiration and circulation. It is part of the autonomic (involuntary) nervous system

40
Q

Frontal lobe purpose

A

Cognition and emotion

41
Q

Parietal lobe purpose

A

Primary motor cortex

42
Q

Occipital lobe purpose

A

Visual cortex

43
Q

Temporal lobe purpose

A

Processing sensory input

44
Q

What are the five layers of scalp tissue?

A 
Skin
Subcutaneous tissue (fat and blood vessels)
Gales aponeurotica- muscle layer
Loose connective tissue
Periosteum
45
Q

What are meninges

A

Protective membranes of the brain

46
Q

What are the three brain meninges?

A 
Dura mater (directly inside skull)
Arachnoid mater (wispy layer with web-like extensions)
Pia mater (in direct contact with brain)
47
Q

Spaces between meninges

A

Sub- dural space

Sub- arachnoid space

48
Q

2 cerebral membranes

A

Flax cerebri- vertical fold of dura mater. Nose to occiput. Between the two hemispheres of the brain

Tentorium cerebelli- fold that separates cerebrum from cerebellum

49
Q

The cerebrum

A

Contains four lobes (frontal, temporal, parietal, occipital)

50
Q

Haematoma

A

Solid swelling of clotted blood in the head injury from birth

51
Q

What is the site for ossification in the skull?

A

Parietaleminance

52
Q

Submentovertical (SMV) diameter?

A

11cm

55
Q

Mentovertical (MV) diameter

A

13.5cm

58
Q

Suboccipitobregmatic (SOB) diameter?

A

9.5cm

61
Q

Occupitofrontal (OF) Diameter?

A

11.5cm

62
Q

Caput succedaneum

A

Injury to head from caput

Crosses the suture line and is superficial and goes away quickly

63
Q

Ceohalhaematoma

A

Does not cross sutures

Between periosteum and skull bone, takes a while to go

64
Q

Correct name for chin on fetal skull

A

Mentum

65
Q

6 layers is fetal skull

A 
Skin
Periosteum
Bone
Dura mater
Arachnoid 
Pia mater

Biology (19 decks)

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