respiratory system 2 Flashcards
movement of air in and out of the lungs
ventilation
the swapping of gases
respiration
the swapping of gases in the lungs is
external respiration
the swapping of gases at the tissues is
internal respiration
carbon dioxide will combine with water to form what
carbonic acid
when carbon dioxide levels increase, hydrogen ion levels will?
increase
when carbon dioxide levels decrease, hydrogen ion levels will?
decrease
when carbon dioxide levels increase to abnormal levels, a person will develop what condition?
acidosis
when carbon dioxide levels decrease to abnormal levels, a person will develop[ what condition?
alkalosis
too many hydrogen ions in the blood will give what condition
acidosis
too few hydrogen ions in the blood will give what condition
alkalosis
normal pH range for blood is
7.35 to 7.45
the respiratory system begin where
nasal openings
respiratory system ends where
alveoli
nasal cavity function to
warm, clean, and humidify air; sense of smell
auditory tubes function to?
balance air pressure
our wind pipe is the same as
trachea
main function of respiratory system
swap carbon dioxide and oxygen within the lungs
our voice box is the same as?
larynx
throat =
pharynx
the conducting zone of the tracheobronchial tree begins where?
trachea
the conducting zone uses what structures to remove foreign materials
cilia
the air passageways are held open by what
hyaline cartilage
gas exchange only occurs at the?
alveoli
the function of type I pneumocyte is
gas exchange
function of type II pneumocyte
surfactant production
surfactant is used to?
reduce the attraction of water molecules
which lung is larger
right
the cartilage which covers the larynx when swallowing is the?
epiglottis
muscle of inspiration
diaphragm
the two pleural membranes and the pleural fluid will provide what functions
reduce friction and holds organs in place
boyles law tells us what
when volume increases pressure decreases
when the diaphragm muscle contracts?
the thoracic cavity increases in volume and the pressure inside decreases
when does the surfactant production begin
7th month of development
surfactant is needed in the lungs for?
decrease the attraction of water molecules
if the radius of the bronchi decreases, air flow will?
decrease
the volume of air moved in and out of the lungs, during normal resting breathing is?
tidal volume
no matter how hard we exhale, there is always air left in the lungs. what is it
residual volume
the volume of air moved in and out of the lungs, during normal resting breathing is
500mL
as the difference in partial pressure increases, diffusion rates will?
increase
most carbon dioxide is moved around the body in what form
bicarbonate ion
ventilation can be regulated by what
pons, medulla oblongata, cerebrum
which is the primary regulator of ventilation
carbon dioxide
smallest structure is what
alveoli
