large intestine- digestive system

Question 1

large intestine begins as what

Answer 1

cecum

Question 2

appendix attached to lower end of what

Answer 2

cecum

Question 3

densely populated with ___ - a significant source of immune cells

Answer 3

lymphocytes; apendix in large intestine

Question 4

__ S-shaped portion leading down into pelvic cavity

Answer 4

sigmoid colon

Question 5

has 3 curves and 3 infoldings, called transverse rectal folds (valves); portion ending at anal canal

Answer 5

rectum

Question 6

final 3 cm of the large intestine; passes through levator ani muscle & pelvic floor

Answer 6

anal canal

Question 7

exudes mucus and lubricant into anal canal during defecation

Answer 7

anal columns and sinuses

Question 8

veins for superficial plexus in anal columns and around orifice

Answer 8

large hemorrhoidal veins

Question 9

permanently distended veins that protrude into anal canal or bulge outside the anus

Answer 9

hermorrhoids

Question 10

muscularis externa of __ is unusual

Answer 10

colon

Question 11

longitudinal fibers concentrated in 3 thickened, ribbon-like strips

Answer 11

taenia coli

Question 12

pouches in the colon caused by the muscle of muscularis externa

Answer 12

haustra

Question 13

smooth muscle of muscularis externa

Answer 13

internal anal sphincter

Question 14

skeletal muscle of pelvic diaphragm`

Answer 14

external anal sphincter

Question 15

club-like, fatty pouches of peritoneum adhering to the colon; unknown function

Answer 15

omental appendices

Question 16

large intestine is served by ___ and __, much like the small intesine

Answer 16

mesenteric arteries and veins

Question 17

branches of the ___ fan out the supply the ascending colon and most of the transverse colon

Answer 17

superior mesenteric artery

Question 18

the ____ supplies the rest of the transverse colon as well as the descending and sigmoid colon and rectum

Answer 18

inferior mesenteric artery

Question 19

the superior and inferior mesenteric veins drain into the ___

Answer 19

hepatic portal system

Question 20

absorbs water and electrolytes

-forms and stores the feces

Answer 20

large intestine

Question 21

anal canal has non keratinized stratified squamous epithelium in its lower half for abrasion resistance

Answer 21

mucosa

Question 22

accessory organs of digestive tract

Answer 22

teeth, tongue, gallbladder, salivary glands, liver, pancreas

Question 23

provide nutrients from food that we arent able to obtain on our own

Answer 23

intestinal bacteria

Question 24

contractions that occur in the colon

Answer 24

haustral contractions and mass movements

Question 25

distension of haustrum stimulates it to contract.

• churns & mixes residue promoting water and salt absorption
• occur every 30 minutes

Answer 25

haustral contractions

Question 26

stronger contractions that occur one to three times a day

Answer 26

mass movements

Question 27

triggered by gastrocoloic and duodenocoloic reflexes; filling of the stomach and duodenum stimulates motility of the colon

Answer 27

mass movements

Question 28

controlled by reflexes; stretching of the rectum sets off enteric and spinal reflexes

Answer 28

defecation

Question 29

leads to drive feces downward, relaxing internal anal sphincter; voluntary control regulates external anal aphincter

Answer 29

defecation