Respiratory System

Question 1

• these serve to filter, heat, and moisten the air
• surrounded by the paranasal sinuses which produce mucus

Answer 1

nasal cavity

Question 2

surrounds the nasal cavity and produce mucus that flows into the nasal cavity

Answer 2

paranasal sinuses

Question 3

3 regions of the pharynx

Answer 3

1. nasopharynx
2. oropharynx
3. laryngopharynx

Question 4

portion of the pharynx that is posterior to the nasal cavity and extends inferiorly to the uvula

Answer 4

nasopharynx

Question 5

portion of the pharynx that is posterior to the oral cavity

Answer 5

oropharynx

Question 6

most inferior portion of the pharynx that extends from the hyoid bone down to the lower margin of the larynx

Answer 6

Laryngopharynx

Question 7

comprised of a variety of cartilages including the epiglottis which stay open for air flow

Answer 7

larynx

Question 8

anatomy of the respiratory system

Answer 8

1. nasal cavity
2. pharynx
3. larynx
4. trachea
5. main bronchi (left and right)
6. lobar or secondary bronchi
7. segmental or tertiary bronchi
8. bronchiole

Question 9

• process of transferring gases between an organism and its environment
• essential for life, as organisms need to take in oxygen for respiration and release carbon dioxide as a waste product

Answer 9

gas exchange

Question 10

where does air move in and out

Answer 10

alveolus

Question 11

where do gases dissolve in the alveoli

Answer 11

moist mucus lining

Question 12

primary goal og gas exchange in the respiratory system

Answer 12

oxygen uptake

Question 13

what does the respiratory remove as a waste product of cellular metabolism

Answer 13

carbon dioxide

Question 14

helps deliver nutrients and oxygen from the lungs to tissues and organs throughout the body

Answer 14

circulatory system

Question 15

shape and structure of lungs

Answer 15

• conical shape
• spongy texture

Question 16

air pathways in the lungs

Answer 16

bronchi

Question 17

end of bronchioles where gas exchange occurs

Answer 17

alveoli

Question 18

example of how the respiratory and circulatory maintain homeostasis

Answer 18

during exercise
- body requires more oxygen, breathing rate increases, heart pumps faster

Question 19

Five Common Respiratory Diseases

Answer 19

1. asthma
2. pneumonia
3. chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
4. tuberculosis
5. lung cancer

Question 20

• chronic respiratory condition that affects the airways in the lungs
• characterized by airway inflammation, which leads to narrowing and swelling of the airways, and the production of excess mucus

Answer 20

asthma

Question 21

• infection that causes inflammation of the air sacs in the lungs, which may fill with fluid or pus
• infection can affect one or both lungs and can be caused by bacteria, viruses, or fungi

Answer 21

pneumonia

Question 22

progressive lung disease that includes emphysema and chronic bronchitis

Answer 22

chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)

Question 23

what does chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) include

Answer 23

1. emphysema
2. chronic bronchitis

Question 24

the alveoli are damaged, reducing oxygen exchange

Answer 24

emphysema

Question 25

the lining of bronchial tubes becomes inflamed and produces excessive mucus, leading to a persistent cough and difficulty breathing

Answer 25

chronic bronchitis

Question 26

• contagious bacterial infection caused by Myobacterium tuberculosis
• primarily affects the lungs, though it can spread to other parts of the body

Answer 26

tuberculosis

Question 27

• occurs when abnormal cells in the lungs grow uncontrollably and form tumors
• often linked to smoking, but non-smokers can also develop the disease
• can significantly impact the lungs’ ability to provide oxygen to the body

Answer 27

lung cancer