Respiratory Pathology

Question 1

emphysema causes

Answer 1

primarily caused by smoking

Question 2

emphysema pathology

Answer 2

• alveoli become damaged, and eventually their inner walls weaken & rupture
• this causes a loss of alveolar ventilation capacity and a decrease in total gas exchange
• results in difficulty breathing, even at rest

Question 3

cystic fibrosis causes

Answer 3

hereditary disease that mostly affects respiratory epithelium

Question 4

cystic fibrosis pathology

Answer 4

• epithelial cells produce mucus w/out enough saline
• mucus is then too thick, so it clogs respiratory tract and can lead to chronic respiratory infections
• eventually leads to respiratory failure & shortened life expectancy

Question 5

pulmonary edema causes

Answer 5

diseases such as cancer, infection, congestive heart disease

Question 6

pulmonary edema pathology

Answer 6

-accumulation of fluid in lungs
-alveoli become filled with fluid
when listen to (auscultate) lungs, fluide makes crackle sounds as alveoli “pop” open w/each breath

Question 7

pleurisy causes

Answer 7

infection, cancer, injury

Question 8

pleurisy pathology

Answer 8

• pleura become inflamed, pleural space fills with air, pus, blood, or other fluids
• layers of pleura then rub against each other & against ribs, causing sharp chest pain & making it difficult to hear heart sounds