Bone Pathophysiology

Question 1

common bone fractures (5)

Answer 1

1. closed
2. open
3. greenstick
4. comminuted
5. impacted

Question 2

closed fracture

Answer 2

simple fracture - bone breaks but remains w/in skin

Question 3

open fracture

Answer 3

complex fracture - part of bone shaft breaks out of skin

Question 4

greenstick fracture

Answer 4

bone bends & breaks (but not all the way across) - common in children

Question 5

comminuted fracture

Answer 5

bone broken into more than 2 segments (usually repaired via surgery)

Question 6

impacted fracture

Answer 6

one end of bone shaft pushed inside other part of bone

Question 7

rheumatoid arthritis

Answer 7

inflammation and thickening of synovial membrane that makes joint nearly immovable and painful to use

Question 8

osteoarthritis

Answer 8

disintegration of articular cartilage at bone ends due to old age / overuse
causes 2 bones of joint to become rough and irregular, making it painful to move the joint (affects joints used the most over lifetime)

Question 9

osteoporosis

Answer 9

bone tissue disease where bone tissue degenerates faster than it is replaced, causing weak brittle bones than can be painful and fracture more easily

Question 10

mastoiditis

Answer 10

inflammation of mastoid sinuses can cause deafness

Question 11

sinusitus

Answer 11

inflammation of soft tissues in sinuses from bacteria, virus, or allergies

Question 12

herniated disk

Answer 12

when center portion of intervertebral disk bulges into vertebral foramen (caused by posterior longitudinal ligament weakening)

if disk bumps of presses against spinal cord/nerves it is very painful. may require surgical removal, vertebral fusion, or physical therapy to resolve

Question 13

bursitis

Answer 13

inflammation of bursae in knee joint