Hip / Thigh Muscles

Question 1

Iliopsoas Group (2)

Answer 1

Psoas Major + Ilacus

Question 2

Psoas Major

Answer 2

origin = transverse bodies of all lumbar vert
insertion = lesser trochanter of femur
action = hip flexion (or trunk flexion if femur is stable)
innervation = lumbar plexus

Question 3

Iliacus

Answer 3

origin = iliac fossa of ilium
insertion = lesser trochanter of femur
action = hip flexion
innervation = femoral nerve

Question 4

Gluteal Muscles of Thigh (4)

Answer 4

extend and rotate hip joint

1. Gluteus Maximus
2. Gluteus Medius
3. Gluteus Minimus
4. Tensor Fascia latae (TFL)

Question 5

Gluteus Maximus

Answer 5

origin = posterior gluteal line of ilium, lower sacrum, side of coccyx
insertion = gluteal tuberosity
action = abducts, extends, laterally rotates hip joint
innervation = inferior gluteal nerve

Question 6

Gluteus Medius

Answer 6

origin = gluteal surface of ilium
insertion = greater trochanter of femur
action = abducts thigh, stabilizes hip joint
innervation = superior gluteal nerve

Question 7

Gluteus Minimus

Answer 7

origin = gluteal surface of ilium
insertion = greater trochanter of femur
action = abducts thigh, stabilizes hip joint
innervation = superior gluteal nerve

Question 8

Tensor Fascia latae (TFL)

Answer 8

origin = ASIS
insertion = iliotibial tract
action = abducts + internally rotates thigh, stabilizes hip and knee joints
innervation = superior gluteal nerve

Question 9

Lateral Rotators of thigh (deep) (6)

Answer 9

small muscles that stabilize and laterally rotate hip

1. Obturator Externus
2. Obturator Internus
3. Superior Gemellus
4. Inferior Gemellus
5. Quadratus femoris
6. Piriformus

Question 10

Obturator Externus

Answer 10

action = lateral rotation of thigh
innervation = obturator nerve

Question 11

Obturator Internus

Answer 11

action = lateral rotation of thigh
innervation = spinal nerves S1-3

Question 12

Superior Gemellus

Answer 12

action = later rotation, adduction, extension of hip joint
innervation = spinal nerves L5, S1

Question 13

Inferior Gemellus

Answer 13

action = lateral rotation, adduction, extension of hip joint
innervation = spinal nerves L5, S1

Question 14

Quadratus femoris

Answer 14

action = lateral rotation, adduction of hip joint
innervation = spinal nerves L5, S1

Question 15

Piriformus

Answer 15

action = lateral rotation, adduction, extension of hip joint
innervation = spinal nerves L5-S2

Question 16

Hamstring Group (Posterior) (3)

Answer 16

1. Biceps femoris
2. Semitendinosis
3. Semimembranosus

Question 17

Biceps femoris

Answer 17

origin = 
long head: ischial tuberosity
short head: linea aspera of femur
insertion = head of fibula (lateral surface)
action = knee flexion, hip extension
innervation = 
long head: tibial nerves
short head: common fibular nerves

Question 18

Semitendinosis

Answer 18

origin = ischial tuberosity
insertion = medial surface of tibia
action = knee flexion
innervation = tibial nerve

Question 19

Semimembranosus

Answer 19

origin = ischial tuberosity
insertion = medial condyle of tibia
action = knee flexion
innervation = tibial nerve

Question 20

Quadriceps (Anterior) (4)

Answer 20

1. Rectus femoris
2. Vastus medialis
3. Vastus lateralis
4. Vastus intermedius

Question 21

Rectus femoris

Answer 21

origin = AIIS
insertion = common tendon of quadriceps to tibial tuberosity
action = knee extension, hip flexion
innervation = femoral nerve

Question 22

Vastus medialis

Answer 22

origin = intertrochanteric line of femur
insertion = patella via quadriceps tendon, tibial tuberosity
action = knee extension
innervation = femoral nerve

Question 23

Vastus lateralis

Answer 23

origin = greater trochanter of femur
insertion = patella via quadriceps tendon, tibial tuberosity
action = knee extension
innervation = femoral nerve

Question 24

Vastus intermedius

Answer 24

origin = greater trochanter of femur
insertion = patella via quadriceps tendon, tibial tuberosity
action = knee extension
innervation = femoral nerve

Question 25

Medial Compartment - Adductor Group (6)

Answer 25

1. Adductor longus
2. Adductor brevis
3. Adductor magnus
4. Gracilis
5. Pectineus
6. Sartorius

Question 26

Adductor longus

Answer 26

origin = front of pubis
insertion = linea aspera
action = adducts, medially rotates thigh
innervation = obturator nerve

Question 27

Adductor brevis

Answer 27

origin = superior + inferior rami of pubis
insertion = medial shaft of femur into upper linea aspera
action = adducts, medially rotates thigh
innervation = obturator nerve

Question 28

Adductor magnus

Answer 28

origin = inferior ramus of pubis
insertion = adductor tubercle, medial condyle of femur, linea aspera
action = adducts, medially rotates thigh
innervation = obturator nerve

Question 29

Gracilis

Answer 29

origin = lower half of pubic symphysis
insertion = superior shaft of tibia
action = adductor of thigh, flexes knee
innervation = obturator nerve

Question 30

Pectineus

Answer 30

origin = pectineal line
insertion = posterior surface of femur
action = adducts thigh
innervation = femoral nerve

Question 31

Sartorius

Answer 31

origin = ASIS
insertion = superior shaft of tibia
action = hip flexion, abduction, external rotation; knee flexion, external rotation
innervation = femoral nerve