Joints & Ligaments

Question 1

types of joints (3)

Answer 1

1. fibrous
2. cartilaginous
3. synovial

Question 2

fibrous joints

Answer 2

immovable

ex = btwn cranial bones

Question 3

cartilaginous joints

Answer 3

slightly movable

ex = btwn vertebrae, the pubic symphysis

Question 4

synovial joints

Answer 4

freely movable, bones separated by joint cavity
ligaments holding bones in place form joint capsule, which is lined with synovial membrane (produces synovial fluid)

ex = most joints

Question 5

types of synovial joints

Answer 5

1. hinge
2. ball-and-socket
3. saddle
4. pivot

Question 6

hinge joints

Answer 6

permit mvmt only in 1 direction

ex = knees, elbows

Question 7

ball-and-socket joints

Answer 7

allow movement on all planes (including rotational mvmt)

ex = hips, shoulders

Question 8

saddle joint

Answer 8

allows thumb to move freely across palm

Question 9

pivot joint

Answer 9

allows for rotational mvmt btwn C1 & C2

Question 10

sternoclavicular ligament

Answer 10

joins sternum + clavicle

Question 11

coracoclavicular ligament

Answer 11

joins coracoid process (of scapula) + clavicle

Question 12

coracoacromial ligament

Answer 12

joins coracoid process + acromion (of scapula)

Question 13

capsular ligament

Answer 13

anchors head of humerus to scapula

Question 14

coracohumeral ligament

Answer 14

connects head of humerus to coracoid process

Question 15

tendons of rotator cuff muscles

Answer 15

support shoulder joint, help limit mvmt at shoulder to stabilize humerus in joint

Question 16

iliolumbar ligament

Answer 16

one of 3 ligaments that attaches pelvis to sacrum posteriorly

Question 17

anterior sacroiliac ligament

Answer 17

one of 3 ligaments that attaches pelvis to sacrum posteriorly

Question 18

posterior sacroiliac ligament

Answer 18

one of 3 ligaments that attaches pelvis to sacrum posteriorly

Question 19

ilioinguinal ligament

Answer 19

attaches ASIS (ilium) to pubis bone

Question 20

iliofemural ligament

Answer 20

attaches femur to ilium

Question 21

uterosacral ligament

Answer 21

connects sacrum to each side of uterus (in women)

Question 22

menisci

Answer 22

crescent shaped pieces of cartilage that give the femur added stability as it articulates with the tibia

Question 23

patellar ligament

Answer 23

large anterior ligament of knee joint

Question 24

MCL

Answer 24

medial collateral ligament - stabilizes tibial side of knee

Question 25

LCL

Answer 25

lateral collateral ligament - stabilizes fibular side of knee

Question 26

ACL

Answer 26

anterior cruciate ligament - in interior of knee joint

Question 27

PCL

Answer 27

posterior cruciate ligament - in interior of knee joint

Question 28

bursae

Answer 28

fluid filled sacs within knee joint (13) that ease friction

Question 29

anterior longitudinal ligament

Answer 29

connects anterior vertebral bodies of vertebrae to each other

Question 30

posterior longitudinal ligament

Answer 30

connects posterior vertebral bodies of vertebrae to each other

Question 31

interspinous ligaments

Answer 31

connect spinous processes of 2 adjacent vertebrae

Question 32

supraspinous ligament

Answer 32

connects posterior portion of spinous processes of vertebrae

Question 33

intervertebral disks

Answer 33

one between each vertebra
prevent vertebrae from grinding against each other
act as shock absorbers
allow for easier motion