Respiratory - Asthma/copd

Question 1

What is samter’s triad?

Answer 1

Asthma, aspirin intolerance, nasal polyps, aspirin exacerbated respiratory disease

Question 2

Asthma monoclonal antibodies and mechanism of action for:

1. Allergic asthma
2. Eosinophilic asthma
3. Asthma + severe eczema

Answer 2

1. Omalizumab tatgetting IgE
2. Mepolizumab targetting IL5 and benralizumab targetting IL5 receptor
3. Dupilumumab targeting IL4/IL13 receptor

Question 3

Allergen immunotherapy causes what in a cellular cytokine level (in asthma). E. Class switching, cell response

Answer 3

Inhibit igE facilitated allergen bibdugg by to APCs eith subsequent downtegulartion of IgE dependent TH2 responses. Preferential switching of b cell responses to igG and IGG4 antibodies (instead of IgE). Immune deviation of Th2 responses ib favour of a Th0/Th1 response

Question 4

T2 high vs T2 low asthma

Answer 4

T2 high is called eosinophilic or high igE asthma with predominantly TH2 cells, NKT, ILC2 and mast cells. T2 low is called low IgE and non eosinophilic. Mainly TH1 and Th17 cells with neutrophils.

Most treatment is targeted at T2 high.