Pharmacology

Question 1

Adrenergic recetors bind to? (1) and in which system (2)
Muscarinic receptorcs bind to? (3) and in which system (4)
Nicotinic receptora are in (5)

Answer 1

(1) acetylcholine. Receptors Receiving signal from sympathetic system is called adrenergic neuron.
(3) . Receptors receiving signal from parasympathetic system is called muscarinic.
(5) nicotinic receptors are post ganglionic

Metabotropic receptors are linked to G protein.

Question 2

Norepinephrine is removed from systemic space via:

Answer 2

1. Binding to presynaptic receptor to induce negative feedback
2. Diffusion out
3. Inactivated by enzyme COMT
4. Sodium chloride dependent transporter to reuptake NE.
   Once reuptaken - MAO can break down or NE can be stored to be recycled.

Question 3

Alpha receptors - alpha 1 and alpha 2.

Answer 3

Alpha 1 - Gq receptors. Mainly causing vasoconstriction, mydriasis, contraction and urinary retention, glycogenolysis

Alpha 2 - Gi receptors: found on presynaptic nerve endings, leads to decrease CAMP and reduce Norepi and also found on pancreatic islet cells leading to reduce insulin.

Question 4

Beta receptors, B1, B2, B3.

Answer 4

Beta receptors are Gs.
B1 - increase HR, increase contractility, increase AV conduction, incrrase renin and BP.

B2 - bronchodilation, vasodilation, decrease GI motilityc inhibit labour. Increase insulin secretion.

B3 - increased lipolysis. Relaxes bladder.

Question 5

Epinephrine va norepinephrine

Answer 5

Norepinephrine mainly is alpha 1 agonist and has no beta 2 action whilst epinephrine has widespread use.

Question 6

Dopmaine use and dose dependent uses

Answer 6

Low dose - dopamine dose
Middle dose - beta 1
High dose - alpha 1 dose