Respiratory Articles 2017-2019 Flashcards
Vet Journal 2017 What was the optimal cut offs for fluid responders in healthy dogs undergoing mechanical ventilation for aortic peak flow velocity, Systolic pressure variation, distensibility index of the caudal vena cava
Greater than were more likely to be fluid responders
9.4% aortic peak flow velocity
6.7% systolic pressure variation
24% Caudal vena cava distensibitliy index
Aortic peak flow velocity the best as less influcence of MV on arterial compliance
JVECC 2017 What was the prevelance and mortatily rate in a study of ARDS
Prevelance 3.2% dogs 1.3 % cats
Mortality 90%
JAVMA 2017 how did brachycelphalic or BCS effect respiratory thermoregulation
BCS greater determinate of body temp than breed.
Bracycephalics have decrease capacity of thermoregulation
BCS positively associated with body temp and negative association with tidal volume
JAVMA 2017 What was found in lung lobe torsions in juvienele dogs
Pugs- left cranial lung lob; Non pugs- right middle
No cartilidge change in pugs on histopath
Males overrepesented
Chylothorax assoicated with guarded prognosis
JAVMA 2017 Accuracy of POC lung ultrasound for cardiogenic pulmonary edema
Positive > 3 B-lines in a site; > 2 sites on each hemithorax
Misdiagnosis in diffuse interstitial disease, and alveolar disease
More likely CPE if 5/8 sites positive, and less likely if 2.8/8 sites
Less sens/spec than with people and cats due to primary differentials not having fluid
JAVMA 2017 How does neoplasia lead to chylothorax
direct compression of the thoracic duct or via the creation of venous hypertension
JAVMA 2017 When is mycopalsma felis assoicated with LRT disease
In non shelter cats.
Shelter cats may be carriers but not associated with disease
JAVMA 2017 What was the difference between small and large bore chest tubes in a cadaveric study
No difference in fluid recovery from pleural space
JVIM 2017 How does an obstructive fibrinous tracheal psueodomembrane occur
After intubation regardless of how easy it was to place.
NEJM 2017 How does chronic hypoxia lead to pulmonary hypertension
low PO2 leads to contraction of smooth muscle in small pulmonary arteries
NEJM 2017 How does HIF-alphachange with chronic hypoxia
promotes survival by switching from oxadative to glycolytic metabolism and promotes angiogensis
NEJM 2017 What are the Berline 2012 definition of ARDs
1) within 7 days of known insult- acute
2) bilateral opacities on radiograph/CT
3) P/F ratio: Mild 201-300 mmHg; Moderate 101-200, Severe<100
4) Min PEEP at 5 cmH20
CCM 2017 What improved mortality in mechanically ventilated pediatrics
Improvement in oxygenation but not respiratory mechanics associated with lower mortality
Goal of higher P/F ration vs Lower peak inspiratory pressure
CCM 2017 Define VILI
Ventilator induced lung injury
Mechanical strain due to exaggerated deformation at the cellular level through mechancotransduction response
JVIM 2017 How does C-reactive protein alter antibiotic therapy in pneumonia
When decrease then can deescalate therapy. Still gave 7 days post decrease for 21 days versus 35 days
JVIM 2017 what percentage of patients had resolution of alveolar infiltrated by day 10
69%. Recommended to doing radiographs; instead monitor with CRP
JVIM 2017 what was superior for deliver of drug to respiratory tract
neublizer was superior to meter dose inhaler
JVIM 2017 Respiratory antibiotic guidelines What were the indications for antibiotics in feline upper respiratory disease
Fever, lethargy, anorexia, +/- mucopurlent discharge.
Mucopurlent discharge alone does not warrent abx
JVIM 2017 Respiratory antibiotic guidelines what were the antibiotic recommendations for feline upper respiratory disease
doxycycline, amoxicillin PO
Based on culture
JVIM 2017 Respiratory antibiotic guidelines what were the recommendations for canine infectious disease complex
If bacterial suspected: Doxycycline or amoxi/clav PO
JVIM 2017 Respiratory antibiotic guidelines what were the antibiotic recommendations for pneumonia with contact with other dogs but no systemic signs
PO Doxycycline
Based on c/s when available
JVIM 2017 Respiratory antibiotic guidelines what were the antibiotic recommendations for pneumonia with or without sepsis
Parental: Fluorquinolone and penicillin/or/ clindamycin
JVIM 2017 Respiratory antibiotic guidelines what were the antibiotic recommendations for pyothorax dogs/cats
Parental: Fluorquinolone and penicillin/or/ clindamycin
Vet Journal 2018 What was the respiratory rates in healthy cats at home while sleeping vs. in clinic
Sleeping 20-40 breaths per minute
Single RR in clinic 28-176 breaths per minute
AJVR 2018 How did a tidal volume of 8 ml/kg alter CO2 in dogs with healthy lungs
Even at RR> 30 bpm had hypercapneia
AJVR 2018 at what tidal volume is PEEP necesary and why
> 15 ml/kg- Dogs have higher phisiolgical dead space. Higher volume will cause varying degrees of strain based on PEEP
JAVMA 2018 in cats with pleural effusion what was the findings that were different based on cause
Older CHF, Neoplasia
Younger, Trauma, FIP
CHF cats were hypothermic 98F