GI Articles 2017-2019 Flashcards
JAVMA 2019 What were the findings associated with a US guided temporary percutaneous gastropexy with a gastrotomy catheter compared to thorcharization
Both methods led to rapid decompression. Ultrasound guided prevent misdirection of T-sutures.
Method recommeded if surgical delay may be anticipated over repeated torcharization, Most were in the body of the stomach
JAVMA 2019 Enterotomy for FB removal dehiscense rate in dogs.
For enterotomies 5% dehiscence rate
JAVMA 2019 What was the efficacy for vomiting and FB production with apomorphine in dogs.
95% of dogs vomited with IV injection 75.6% FB retreival
JAVMA 2019 When is apomorphine less successful
Premedicated (opiods, sedatives, antinauseas)
Decreased progressively after 2 hours (56% after 24 hrs)
Metal objects and rocks were less successfuul
JAVMA 2019 How did ASA status and plasma lactate affect dehiscence and mortatilyt in dogs having GI surgery
ASA >/= 3 more likely to dehiscice overall 5% rate for enterotomies and enterectomies
mortality greater with higher plasma lactate
R/A and bacterial peritonitis had higher dehesence rates
JAVMA 2019 what were the limitation of lap assisted biopsy with wound retraction device
Based on placement at umbilicus can evaluate stomach, proximal duodenum, distal aspect of the colon
JVECC 2019 What recumbency was used for E tube to esophagojejunal tube placement with fluoro and why
Left lateral recubmency used to allow for time for the pylorus to fill with air.
JVECC 2019 What are the CT findings of dogs with intraabdominal hypertension
compression of cadual vena cava
Severe renal artery compression
elevation f the diaphragm
extension into the vaginal cavity
JVECC 2019 What affects of IAH have on renal perfusion
anesthesia with IAH > 25 mmHg lead to decreased renal profusion, but now when conceious
JVECC 2019 What was the success rate of esophageal fBs via endoscopy and what was the complication rate
95%, with a 22% compliction rate
JVECC 2019 Which dogs were more likely to require surgery and have esophagitis for esophageal FBS
More severe esophagitis > 24 hrs present
Fish hooks more likely to require surgery
What are the common and most common location for esophageal foreign bodies (JVECC 2019)
Areas of narrowing
Proximal to GES (50%), Base of heart 30%, thoracic inlet and upper esophageal sphincter
JVECC 2019 What were the hemostatic findings in dogs with acute pancreatitis
Global hypercoagulable on TEG
Higher: D-dimers, Fibrinogen, VWF
Lower: antithrombin III, PT time
JVIM 2019 What were the effects of an antidiarrheal probiotic past for acute diarrhea
Pro-kalolin advanced resulted in shorter duration of diarrhea 32 hrs vs 47 hrs
Less need for additional medical intervention
all dogs improved in 7 days
JVIM 2019 What was the complication rate and the most common complications in an UK study for E tube placement in cats.
- 1% complications
14. 5% tube dislodgement; 12.1 % stoma site infection
JVIM 2019 In an UK study of E-tube complications What increased the risk of death and risk of infection in cats
Death: decreased BW, pancreatic, neoplasia, respiratory urogenital, and infecious disease
Infection: steroids and oncolytic agents
JIVM 2019 In an US study of E-tube complications what was the complications in dogs/cats and what was the most likely complication
Dogs: 43.1%, Cats 45.5%
Infection (C 17%, D 13 %)
Dogs also more likely to have food through the stoma
JVIM 2019 In an US study of E-tube complications what were the risk factors for complications
No risk factors for developing complications
JIVM 2019 What was the effect of intragastric pH with a famotidine CRI over three days compared to twice daily IV bolus dosing; What was a possible side effect
CRI resulted in higher period of time with higher intragastric pH over 3 days.
Bolus saw decline in increase of intragastric pH by day 3
JVIM 2019 in dogs given metronidazole and enrofloxacin what was the effect of symbiotic (pre and pro biotic) given 1 hr post abx
Improved appetitie in the placebo first group. In the tx first group no difference washout period may not have been long enough.
No change to vomiting or fecal scores
JVIM2019 What is the effect on cat intragastric pH of famotidine twice daily verses famotidine twice/24 every other day
Less effective acid reduction after two weeks for the q 12 hour every day dosing. The q 12 hour every other day dosing noted no decline on days treated
JVIM 2019 what is the use of video capsule endoscopy
Use as adjuvant to endoscopy
JVIM 2019 How does tylosin have effect on diarrhea
Macrolide antobitoic
Increased uncongeuaged bile acids and altered fecal microbial populations that did not return to pre period during study period
JVIM 2019 What are the mechanisms of protien loss in PLE
Physical/functional lymphatic obstruction leading to leak
Relase of cellular mediators affecting vascular permeability and fluid eggress into tissue
Mucosal ulcerations
JIVM 2019: Regardless of the mechanism how is the protien loss in PLE
Protien rich fluid accumulates in the interstitum and passes into the GI tract via mucosal tight junctions
JVIM 2019 What short half proteins are expected to be normal and why
Hepatic synthesis increased
IgE, Clotting factors, prealbumin, transferrin
JVIM 2019 what are reasons for thromebolic prevelance with PLE
Systmic inflammation altered Vit K absorption loss of antithrombin III hyperaggregation of PLTS Hyperfibrinogenemia Vascular compromise
JVIM 2019 What breeds are over represented in PLE
Yorkie, Border collies, GSD, Rotties
AJVR 2019 What improved the biomechanics of G tube over the tube byself.
T-stitch and U stitch. Equal performance
JAVMA 2019 Large intestine full thickness incision what is the dehiscence and mortality rate
10 %; 17% mortalitited
JAVMA 2019 what increased the odds of death with full thickness large intestine incisions
pre-op anorexia, hypoglycemia, toxic neutrophils, pre-op antibiotics
JAVMA 2019 what increased the odds of dehiscence with full thickness large intestine incisions
pre-existing colon trauma/dehisence, pre-existing peritonitis, blood product administration, > 2 classe of antibiotics, postive culture, opne AB manage of peritonitis
What is selective oral decomanimation and how did it improve in people
Selective digestive deconamination SDD: 4 days cefotaxime, past of topical tobramycin colistin, ampothericin B in oropharynx and stomach
SOD- only pasted in mouth
Reduced mortality in multivarate analysis by 3.5% and 2.9%
JVIM 2017 What was the most common esohpageal FB and what was the surgical rate after endscopy
Bones, 6% when to surgery
JVIM 2017 What occurred with repeated twice daily famotidine in dogs
Over two week period intragastr PH declined
JVIM 2017 What were the effects in cats of symbiotic administration 1 hour after clindamycin
reduced vomiting and hyporexia but had no effect on diarrhea scores
JVIM 2017 How is gastrin and gastric pH altered in cats with CKD vs controls
not stat different gastrin or gastric pH.
Cats with CKD have variable gastrin levels
JVECC 2017 How did early enteral nutrition affect pancreatitis
Early nutrition ate more quikly on own compared to delay of 48 hours.
NPO for 48 hours had higher GI days through hospitalization
JVECC 2017 What was the success rate for vomiting in cats with xylazine
60% for vomiting with 76% of those retreiving FB
JVECC 2017 What is the results of 3% hydrogen proxide in cats
Necroulcerative collitis
JVECC 2017 in a model of hemorrhagic shock in pigs how did HES 130/.04 compare to LRS
HES low percent of mucosal lesions in small intestine the LRS.
Duodenum may be more sensitive to hyovolemic induced by hemorrhage
JVECCS 2017 What were the endoscopic and histologic findings of 3% H2O2 compared to apormorphine in dogs
significant visual and histological lesions that resolved at two weeks. Mild visual abnormaliteis with apomorphine, no histologic findings
JAVAM 2017 How does hospitalization affect motility in healthy dogs
decreased gastric emptying. Remainder of GI tract transit normal
JAVMA 2017 what are reasons to convert laprscropic GI FB removal to traditional
GI adhesions
Ileocecocolic intusception
Gastroduodenal involvment
Linear FB
AJVR 2017 what were lidocaines effect on gastrointestinal motility
No effect on gastric emptying, but did increased remainder of GI transit time
Nausea and sedation at 50 mcg/kg/min dosing
AJVR 2017 How does lap assisted incisional gastropexy alter gastric motility
No effect
AJVR 2017 How does ingesting a light meal (1/2 RER) 3 hrs prior to anesthesia compare to 18 hour fasting
3 hr w/ meal: 61% GER and higher pH
18 hr fast: 43.9% GER lower pH
AJVR 2017 In a study comparing fasting on GER what led to increased odds of GER regardless of fasting status
Dorsal recumbency 3 hr 3.8 x
18 hr 2.7 x
JAVMA 2017 in a comparisons of sutures to stapling device what was the dehisence rate for each and what was the significance
Sutures: 13%
Staples 5%
Significant until multivariate with hypoalbuminemia
JVECC 2018 In cats with GDV what are the common clinical sign and what are potential risk factors
Older cats spontaneous younger cats (<3) DH
Most common sign respiratory and did not see non productive retching
JAVMA 2018 What esophageal FB was most likely to result in stricture
Food toys and house hold items
JAVMA 2018 What findings led to an increased need for surgery with esophageal FB
Duration, Body weight, anorexia, lethargy, increased rectal temps, esophageal perforation
JVIM 2018 How do SNAP cPL, Spec cPL, Vetscan cPL Rapid Test, and Precision PSL compare in pancreatitis
As long as clinical signs are present all are equal
Vet Journal 2018 How did the prescence of diarrhea alter if a cat had an enteric pathogen
Diarrhea was not an indicator of enteropathogen presence
JVECC 2019 What doses of hydromorphone resulted in what percentage of emesisi. Did the time to emesis change
0.1 mg/kg SQ
75% vomited
JVECCS 2019 What are the drawbacks of dexmedetomidine to induce emesis
sedation, bradycardia, hypertension–> hypotension
Contra: cardiomyopathy, cardiac arrhythmias, BP alterations
JVECCS 2019 How does hydromorphone stimulate vomiting in cats
In SQ/IM chemorecptor trigger zone outside of BBB
Once reaches the vomit center opiods inhibit emsis- within BBB
What is the pringle manuever
Occlusion of the hepatoduodenal ligament with hepatic artery, portal vein, bile duct is generally included
2019 JVIM What was noted on CT angiogram for pancreatitis vs. ultrasound
Necrosis was identified by heterogenous contrast enhancement and more sensitive for portal vein thrombosis and biliary mineralization
2019 JVIM A CTA findings of heterogenous pancrease lead to what outcome
longer hospitalization and more likely to have portal vein thrombosis and relapse
2019 JVIM What was noted about gastric wall edema with presumed pancreatitis
Thickening of the layers (often submucosa) at 9 mm Most cases did not have loss of layering but could not make further comparison to differentials
2019 JVIM what were the two scores developed for acute pancreatitis
CAPS- canine acute pancreatitis severity
sCAPs- simplified version without SIRS but with RR
2019 JVIM what is included in the CAPS score for acute pancreatitis in dogs
Creatine > 1.6 mg/dl = 4 points ICa < 4.4 = 3 points Coagulation disorder Yes = 3 points SIRS Yes = 8 points >/= to 11 increase death (really to get this have to have SIRS)
2019 JVIM what is included in the aCAPS score for acute pancreatitis in dogs
Creatine > 1.6 mg/dl = 4 points ICa < 4.4 = 3 points Coagulation disorder Yes = 3 points RR >/= 24 = 3 Score >/= 6 increased death within 30 days
