Immune Articles 2017-2019 Flashcards
2019 JAVMA What is precursor targeted IMA and how long did it take for immunosuppression to be effective
Non-regenerative anemia with immunospression at the level of the bone marrow
~4 weeks for regenerative response
2019 JVIM consensus for IMHA Diagnosis: What does lack of regeneration indicated
30% of IMHA are not regenerative at diagnosis
2019 JVIM consensus for IMHA Diagnosis: Why might a PCV be more valuable for diagnosis than HCT
HCT (calculated) is unreliable with agglutination
2019 JVIM consensus for IMHA Diagnosis: what are the signs of hemolysis and how many are needed to support IMHA
> 2 signs Spherocytes (dogs only) Positive saline agglut with out washing positive coombs or flow cytometry -- positive SAT that persists after washing
2019 JVIM consensus for IMHA Diagnosis: What are signs of hemolysis and how many are needed to support IMHA
> 1 sign hyperbilirubinemia (hyperbilirubinuria) with out concurrent disease Hemoglobinemia Hemoglobinuria Erythrocyte ghosts
2019 JVIM consensus for IMHA Diagnosis: What infectious agents are likely associated with IMHA in dogs and cats
Babesia gibosoni - dogs
babesia felis- cats
mycoplasma haemofelis- cats
2019 JVIM consensus for IMHA Diagnosis: What testing is recommended for dogs and cats (infectious)
Dogs: Babesia gibosoni, D. Immitis; other endemic infections
Cats: Babesia felis (endemic areas only); M. Haemofelis, FeLV/FIV
2019 JVIM consensus for IMHA Treatment in dogs: What is the preferred fluid to improve oxygen delivery?
pRBCs > whole blood»_space;» bovine hemoglobin solutions
2019 JVIM consensus for IMHA Treatment in dogs: What are reasons that bovine hemoglobin solutions not recommended unless only available
scavange nitric oxide potentially activating platelets causing vasoconstriction which increases risk of hypertension
Greater colloid osmotic pressure than RBCs
2019 JVIM consensus for IMHA Treatment in dogs: What is the first line recommendation for immunosuppression
Prednisone 2-3 mg/kg/day or > 25 kg 50-60 mg/m2/day
2019 JVIM consensus for IMHA Treatment in dogs: When is IV immunglobin recommended
If 2 or more immunosuppressives and failing to respond (5-7 days) as a salvage measure
May decrease time to normal PCV, and Decrease transfusion requirements
2019 JVIM consensus for IMHA Treatment in dogs: When is thromboprophylaxis recommended
All as long as platelets > 30k/mcL (some 50K)
JVIM 2019 What were findings that were common in animals positive for Erlichia Ewingii
Renal disease, IMHA, Protienuria
Infects granulocytes
JVIM 2019 C6 borrelia positive dogs were more likely to have what findings
Immune complex glomerulonephritis (on all histo)
thrombocytopenia, azotemia, hyper phosph, anemia, neutrophillia
Hematuria, glucosuria, pyuria
JVIM 2019 What treatment showed success in 3 dogs with pythosis
Itraconazole, terbinafine, prednisone- anti-inflammatory
JVIM 2019 How did a POC for cryptococcus do compared to a agglutination test
as good as.
JVIM 2019 What were the common findings with dogs positive for trypanosoma cruzi
Increase positive if littermate/housemate positive; more likely to have ventricular arrhythmias, younger dogs
CCM 2011 What did the RDW indicate for a population of critically ill people
Red blood cell distribution width
Increase resulted in increased risk for all cause mortality
Increased with more likely to have blood stream infection
JVIM 2015 What was associated with a poor outcome in dogs with IMHA
CHAOS score > 3
ASA > 3, creatinine, urea, bilirubin
JAVMA 2011 What led to a poor outcome in IMTP
melena and increase BUN at admission
JAVMA 2016 What breeds were comprised 50% of the cases of splenic torsion
GSD, Great danes, english bulldogs
JAVMA 2016 What increased the risk of death in splenic torsion
spetic peritonitis
Introperative hemorrhage
Post op development of respiratory distress
JAVMA 2017 In cuterebral infections what was noted in typical cases and what was found in dogs that died
Small breed dogs—> yorkies
DIC SIRS
Two 2017 studies (JAVMA/JVECC) compared outpatient to inpatient parvo viral treatment what was the mortality rates
JAVMA 25% mortality
JVECC 20% (OP was in hosp receiving sq injections)
JVECC 2017 How did anti inflammatories for pulmonary blasto affect outcome
did not decrease 30 day survival
Need for O2 supplementation did decrease survival
JVIM 2017 In IMHA what is suspected to lead to increased cell free DNA
likely due to release and not impoaired degredation as DNAase activity is normal
JVIM 2017 What was noted in 92% of dogs with immune mediated disease
Vitamin D insuffiency
JVIM 2017 what biomarkers may be used for disease monitoring in IMHA
TK1 and c-CRP
JVIM 2017 What dose of leflunomide is recommended and why
2 mg/kg/day as higher doses had more side effects
JVIM 2017 Based on Rotem fidnings what mechanism of bleeding in proposed for angiostrongylus vasorum
hyperfinbrinolysis with hypofibringenemia
2017 JVIM what findings with VCM testing and leptospirosis
Hypo and hyper coaguable profiles
Hypo- more likely to bleed and increase mortality rate
JVIM 2017 what was found to incrase risk of opportunistic fungal infections in dogs treated for immunted mediated disease
cyclosporin and male dogs
2017 Vet journal What was the increase of fecal shedding of CPV after vaccinations and how long was it noted for
went from 2% to 23% and up to 28 days
2018 AJVR how does IMHA effect peak flow velocity at the caudal vena cava
Increased
JAVMA 2018 in feline panleukopenia what was associated with improved outcome and what was associated with non survival
amoxi/clav, antiparasitics, and maropitant associated with survival
Glucose infusion associated with non survival
JVIM 2018 What were the factors that led to increased bacterial colonization of IV catheters
staff experience and steroid anti-inflammatory
JVIM 2018 What bacteria was most likely cultured for bacterial colonization of IV catheters
Acinetobacter (biofilm former), Klebsella
JVIM 2018 what alterations are noted in critically ill of the immune system
result in reduced respiratory burst function and cytokine production despite up regulation of TLR-4
JVIM 2018 The Witness test what immunoglobin and when were all dogs positive
IgM, by day 10
JVIM 2018 what was the name of the clinical bleeding score in dogs with ITP
DogiBAT
JVIM 2018 How did anally admistered fecal transplant alter survival/ factors with CPV
No survival difference stat: 21.1 vs 36%
Shorter hospitalization and faster resolution of diarrhea
