Images Flashcards
Define the Teg variables listed
R: Time from begining to first dectable clot formation
K: Time from begining of clot to the formation of a cloth with a strength of amplitued of 20 mm
Alpha Angle: Angle between R adn imaginalryl line from time of clot initiation, to the point of max clot speed
Ma: Maximum aplitidued of curve
LY30: % of amplituded reduction 30 min after Ma
What does each part represent
R: activation phase
K: amplification
Alpha angle: Propigation
Ma: Termination phase
Ly 30: Fibrinolysis
What are the abnormalities, differentials, and treatment
Prolonged R and Decreased Ma
Alo increased K and Decreased Alpha angle
Anticoagulants
Tx: FFP
What are the abnormalities, differentials, and treatment
Increased Alpha Angle; Increased Ma
Decreased R, K
Hypercoagulable— antithrombotics considered
What are the abnormalities, differentials, and treatment
Early: Increased Alpha angle, MA, Decreased LY30
Less decreased R, K
Late: Increased R, Deecreased alpha angle and MA
Less incresed K
DIC
What are the abnormalities, differentials, and treatment
Severely increased LY 30: Also decreased MA
Hyperfibrinolysis
TXA, EACA
What are the abnormalities, differentials, and treatment
Decreased MA
Less increased K and Decreased Alpha angle
Platelet blockers, Thrombcytopenia, thrombopathies
Platelets (FFP, Cryo) Fibrinogen
In the chart what are the doses of the pressors
What are the pressors effect on contractitily, HR, CO, Vasomotor tone and BP
Draw the pressor receptor activity chart
Draw and lable the wigger’s diagram
Draw an lable the cardiac pressure volume loop
Identify the control type of these mechanical ventilation scalars
Pressure control
Identify the control type of these mechanical ventilation scalars
Volume control scalars
Draw and lable the pressure scalar for volume control
Describe the changes noted on the pressure scalar with increased resistance vs decreased compliance
Draw and label the parts of the flow scalar
Describe the changes noted in this flow scalar
B- inspiratory time to short
C- optium with descending ramp
D- Inspiratory time to long
Describe the changes seen on the flow scalar with expiratory too long or gas trapping
Gas trapping may be auto PEEP, COPD, wasted effort
Label the parts of the volume scalar. What is the difference between pressur control and volume control in the appearance.
a-> b Inspiration
b-> c Inspiratory pause
C-d -> expiration
Not able to tell the difference on the appearance
Draw and lable the phases of the respiratory cycle on a pressure scalar
How will a change in compliance alter the appreance of a pressure volume loop
Decrease: Shifts down and to the right
Increase: Shift up and to the left
Draw and lable the parts of a ventilator pressure volume loop
Describe the trauma seen in this pressure volume loop
Volutrauma is injury induced by high tidal volume causing overdistension of alveoli. Atelectrauma is damage from the shear and strain of the collapsible lung units opening and closing.
Describe how a pressure control pressure volume loop is different than a Volume control pressure volume loop
Assess this pressure volume loop
Spontaneous breath. Negative initial inspiratory deflection
What is the underlying cause of this pressure volume loop
Leak as did not return to baseline
What is the cause of this change in the flow volume loop
Restricitve in large airway: Broncho constriction
What is the cause of this flow volume loop change
Leak
What is the cause of the abnormalitites in this flow volume loop
Secretions
What is the cause of this change in the pressure volume loop
Decreased compliance
What is the cause of this change in the pressure volume loop
Over distension
Peak inspiratory pressure is above the upper inflection point (takes large amount of pressure to get minimal volume
active exhalation
Increased work
What is the cause to this change on the flow volume loop
air trapping
auto PEEP
What is the cause of this change on flow scalar
air trapping auto peep
What are the cause of these changes to the loops
Supplying fresh gas to the circuit to fast or too slow
What are the causes to the changes of these scalars
Supplying fresh gas to the circuit to fast or too slow
What is the cause of these changes
Pt is trying to breath and the machine is not triggering. Ineffective trigger setting.
What causes this change
autotrigging caused by a leak
What is the cause of this change
increased airway resistance
What does each section of the waveform represent
A wave: atrial contraction end diastole
C Wave: The pressure increase due to tricuspid bulging into the atrium as a result of isovolumetric contraction
X descent: drop in atrial pressure during ventricular systole caused by atrial relaxation
Y descent: drop in atrial pressure as blood enters the ventricle during diastole emptying
Draw and label the parts to the CVP waveform with ECG
