Neuro articles 2017-2019

Question 1

Vet Journal 2011 What are the most common causes of metabolic seizures

Answer 1

toxins and hypoglycemia

Question 2

Vet Journal 2011 What are the most common cause of reactive seizures

Answer 2

Hypocalcemia

Question 3

Human DECRA Trial: How did a decompressive craniectomy affect outcome

Answer 3

higher risk of unfavorable outcome

Decreased ICU stay and ventilatory support

Question 4

JVIM 2009 What type of underlying causes was most likely to present with status epilepticus

Answer 4

Poisoned dogs 2.7 times more likely

Question 5

JVIM 2009 What percentage of dogs had the first presentation as status epilepticus

Answer 5

58%

Question 6

JVECC 2019 What were the culture findings in dogs with empyema

Answer 6

Enterococcus, streptococcus

1/2 did not have growth on culture

Question 7

JVECC 2019 For traumatic alantoaxial subluxation how are CT/MRI useful

Answer 7

All were diagnosis on radiographs, but CT MRI added more information regarding injury

Question 8

JAVMA 2019 In SRMA what increased the risk of a false negative CSF analysis; Which site was better

Answer 8

Increasing age higher risk of false negative at one site.

Neither site was superior

Question 9

AJVR 2019 At the Cisterna Magna site what is the best technique: Stylet in or out?

Answer 9

Stylet in resulted in more cellular debris but still diagnostics

Question 10

JAVMA 2019 Case control study in GME of age/breed matched what were the risk factors?

Answer 10

No risk factors identified

Question 11

JAVMA 2019 What was the mortality rate in dogs with non-convulsant electrical seizures on EEG

Answer 11

~50% for dogs with electrical seizures

Question 12

JAVMA 2019 What type of cervical spondylomyelopathy do GSDs get

Answer 12

osseus association

Question 13

AJVR 2019- and others: What dose of levetiracetam should be given to cats for once daily dosing and is it safe?

Answer 13

500 mg ER PO q 24 hrs

Safe, with mild side effects that are self limiting

Question 14

JVIM 2019 In syringomyelia what was noted to be associated with head scratching and torticollis

Answer 14

Wide > 4 mm fluid filled cavities

Question 15

JVIM 2019 in SRMA what percentage had relapse and when did this most often occur

Answer 15

50% had relapse

3/4 of those were after steroids discontinued

Question 16

JVIM 2019 What type of cervical spondylomeylopathy did dogs under 1 year most often have

Answer 16

Osseus compression

Question 17

JVIM 2019 What was the advantages to 0.2 mg/kg of IN midazolam to IV midazolam and rectal diazepam

Answer 17

IN vs IV- same effect at same dose and not time difference if Cath time excluded
Rectal diazepam- IN superior

Question 18

JVIM 2019 How did the addition of levetiracetam 40 mg/kg rectally affect seizure activity in dogs presenting with status epilepticus

Answer 18

Less seizure activity in 24 hrs.

This was in addition to the typical therapy

Question 19

JVIM 2019 in Acute non-compressive nucleus pulposus extrusion (Type 3) what led to increase in fecal incontinence

Answer 19

More severe signs and did not get NSAIDs

Question 20

JVIM 2019 How did a lipophilic liposmic cream for levetiracetam at 60 mg/kg in healthy cats work

Answer 20

Achieved suspected therapeutic serum levels

Question 21

JVIM 2019 in dogs with seizures what were possible precipitating factors; what seizure type was more likely to have a precipitating event

Answer 21

Stress-related, sleep depirivation, weather, hormonal

Focal seizures 1.9x more likely to have precipitating event

Question 22

AJVR 2017 in paraplegic dogs how much urine was voided during bladder expression

Answer 22

49%

Question 23

JVIM 2017 In evaluation of anesthetic factors, what led to a poorer outcome in dogs with sx for IVDD

Answer 23

Longer surgery time

Question 24

JVIM 2017What led to an increased risk of development for myelomalacia

Answer 24

Mid-caudo lumbar may have increased risk

May occur up to 5 days post

Question 25

JVIM 2017 what was the neurolocalization for cats with FIP

Answer 25

T3-L3; Central vestibular; Multifocal neuro disease

Question 26

JVIM 2017 While bacteria was common in dogs with paralysis was not associated with bacteria in these dogs

Answer 26

Was not associated with fever

Question 27

JVIM 2017 in dogs with L4-S3 localization what led to decreased ambulatory status after tx.

Answer 27

Absent CPs

Large nonchondrodystrophic breeds

Question 28

2017 JVIM What were the findings of dogs with putative microbleeds on MRI

Answer 28

Vestibular sigs
Older
Proteinuria

Question 29

Vet Journal 2017 Define paroxysmal dyskensis

Answer 29

hyperkinetic movement disorders without loss of consicousness

Question 30

Vet Journal 2017 In cats with epiplepsy what were the common findings for structural vs idiopathic

Answer 30

Structual: pedigree status, older age > 7 years, abnormal neuro exam, ictal vocalization
Idiopathic: Salivation

Question 31

Vet Journal 2017 What were the effects of adding or subtracting imepitoin with phenobarbital/KBR or both in dogs

Answer 31

Okay to add

Okay once stable for three months to withdrawal imepitoin

Question 32

Vet Journal 2017 What led to increase time to ambulation after surgery

Answer 32

Worsening grade increased time to ambulation

Question 33

JVAMA 2018 What percentage of MRI findings matched the neuro-vestibular localization and which was worse

Answer 33

Only 70% MRI findings matched neuro vestibular localization

Only 30% agreement of peripheral localization

Question 34

JVECC 2018 How does the optic nerve sheath diameter change with ICH

Answer 34

Between the sheath and nerve is a subarachnoid compartment contiguous with the intracranial compartment containing CSF
Bilateral enlargement consistent with ICH

Question 35

JVIM 2018 What are risk factors for early recurrent seizures

Answer 35

Cluster, status epilpeticus, or both in previous 72 hrs

Question 36

JVIM 2018 what percentage of dogs that had recurrent siezures occured in the first 12 hours

Answer 36

90% THe remainder were in 12-48 hrs

Question 37

JVIM 2018 How do you assess for increased ICP with transcranial doppler ultrasound

Answer 37

Decreased CPP will result in altered waveforms

Visualization of basiliar arteries through transformainal window