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Board Review 2020 > Coagulation articles 2017-2019 > Flashcards

Coagulation articles 2017-2019 Flashcards

1
Q

JVIM 2019 What abnormalities of hemostatic testing correlated with anti Xa assay increase

A

Prolonged R and PT correlated with anti Xa assay increase

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2
Q

JVECC 2018 How do phospholipid emulsions alter clot formation when added ex vivo

A

hemolysis and accelerated clot formation with increase dose and inflammatory leukogram

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3
Q

NEJM 2019 AVERT tiral: In ambulatory cancer patients how did apixaban perform

A

Xa inhibitor

Reduced venous thromboembolism, but had 2x risk of bleeding over placebo

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4
Q

JVECC 2018 How did in vitro acidemia effect coagulation

A

hypocoagulable (decreased MA and Alpha angle)

No change in PT and PTT

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5
Q

JVECC 2018 at what dilutional percentage was changes in the PT, PTT, and TEG noted

A

40%

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6
Q

Vet Journal 2017 Oral rivaroxaban to healthy dogs how did this alter hemostatic coagulation testing

A

Inter-individual variability on coagulation with 2x daily dosing
TEG= increase R, Increase PT, PTT

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7
Q

AJVR 2017 What TEG and Platelet testing findings for dogs with CKD versus healthy controls

A

Increase MA, G-value; closure time

Decrease clotting time

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8
Q

JVECC 2018 What as the findings to develop multicenter in vitro TEG/ROTEM standardization

A

Variation within and between centers Significant.

Use same machine for testing

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9
Q

JVIM 2018 what were the coagulation changes in hemorrhaged dogs between 6% tetrastarch and LRS

A

Dilutional coagulopathy in both

HES may interefere with FXIII

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10
Q

JVECC 2018 In a retrospective DIC scoring system what factors had increased specificity and sensitivity to diagnosis DIC

A

PT, PTT, fibrinogen, antithrombin, d-dimer, plt count

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11
Q

JVECC 2017 what was the mechanism for prolonged coagulation with HES

A

decrease circulating VWF and FVIII

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12
Q

JVECC 2017 what TEG abnormalities were noted with HES and 0.9% saline due to dilution

A

Decreased MA, Alpha angle, and G

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13
Q

NEJM 2019 CASSINI How did rivaroxaban in ambulatory advanced metastatic cancer patients perform to prevent thromboembolism

A

Reduced thromboembolism but not stat significant

No difference in major bleeding

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14
Q

AJVR 2018 In rattle snake envenomination what was the abnormal TEG Findings and what was noted in dogs with concurrent PT/PTT

A

Hypocoagulable - increased G value
12/14 had < 25% of clot strength as control
1/5 dogs had abnormal PT valvue (did not correlate with bleeding)

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15
Q

VetJournal 2017 What was found to be useful for a screening tool for canine PTE

A

D-Dimers okay, but rapidly decreases within 24 hrs of embolism

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16
Q

NEJM 2018 DAWN tiral: what were the findings for a thrombectomy after stroke at 6-24 hrs

A

Better outcome at 90 days for thrombecty after stroke (6-24 hrs)

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17
Q

JVECC 2017 How did Yunnan baiyo perform for recurrence of signs with right atrial masses

A

No difference in survival or recurrence of mass.

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18
Q

AJVR 2018 What were the side effects of TXA infusion and how is it mediated

A

Vomiting/nausea mediated by Tachykin neurokin 1 receptor

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19
Q

JVECC 2019 How did Yunnan baiyo affect the TEG of healthy cats when give twice daily for 1 week

A

No change to TEG parameters

Decreased HCT significant but not outside reference range

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20
Q

JVIM 2018 What was found for aspirin and clopidogrel to evaluate for palatelet analysis in healthy dogs

A

All platelet analyzers able to detect treatment effect
Both have resistance in some dogs.
Clopidogril attributable to MDR1

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21
Q

JVECC 2017 How are clot retractions prevented in modern TEG/ROTEM

A

Used plastic cups in place of metal cups

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22
Q

JVECC 2018 What was noted to rebound after treatment with UFH in healthy dogs after 4 days

A

Increase in thrombin at 12 hrs, but resolved at 30 hrs

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23
Q

JAVMA 2020 What was found in dogs after splenectomy for splenic masses in evaluation of coagulation

A

Higher MA/G with malignant masses

Became thrombocytosis

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24
Q

JFMS 2018 in the diagnosis of FATE how was infrared thermography used

A

Difference of 2.4 C between ipsalateral affected vs non affected limbs

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25
Q

VetJournal 2017 What led to hyperfibrinolysis in dogs with ascites and which dogs were at highest risk

A

highest in dogs with increased hydrostatic pressure and transudate

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26
Q

JVIM 2017 What hemostatic findings were detected in astic fluid from dogs

A

Evidence of coagualtion and fibrinolysis by ascitic fluid by FDPs and D-dimers
Occurs indipendent of underlying mechanism of fluid

27
Q

JVIM 2018 How did immunosuppressive agents change hemostatic variables in normal dogs

A

No change to platelet aggremetry, VCM, PT, PTT

Thromboxane increased with cyclosporine but no change in coagulability

28
Q

JVIM 2018 what immunsuppressive had antiplatelet activity

A

Lefonamide

29
Q

NEJM 2018 MARINER How did rivaroxaban for thromboprolyphylaxis after hospitalization for medical illneses work

A

No significant lower risk for thromboembolism

Dose adjusted for decreased renal creatinine clearance

30
Q

JFMS 2019 What was the influence of needle gauge for jugular venipuncture of hemostatitc measures in cats

A

No clinically meaningful change between 22 ga and 25 ga

Stat singinficant higher PT with 25 ga vs 20 ga

31
Q

JFMS 2019 What was the influence of needle gauge for jugular venipuncture on TEG in cats

A

No difference between 21 and 22 ga butterfly in TEG variables

32
Q

JFMS 2017 in Cats with congenital PSS how did PT and PTT relate to clinical bleeding

A

None of the cats with increased PT or PTT had significant bleeding post operatively

33
Q

Vet Surgery 2018 What was the effect of surgery on D-dimers

A

Increased D-Dimers after neutering but not TTA or long bone fracture

34
Q

In Curative what were considered at risk populations

A

Dogs: IMHA, PLN
Cats: Cardiomyopathy & Hx of ATE/LA dilation/ Spontaneous echocontrast/ reduced LA appendage flow velocity
Dogs/Cats with > 1 disease /risk factor (sepsis with pancreatitis, HAC and steroid use; necrotizing pancreatitis

35
Q

In Curative what was the recommended treatments for arterial vs venous clots

A

arterial lots of platelets: antiplatelets

Venous low platelets: anticoagulation In people have shown that anti platelets help based on cell based model

36
Q

In Curative what was the recommendation for warfarin

A

Against due to narrow theraputic range and inter individual variation

37
Q

In Curative what monitoring was considered

A

Aspirin: Platelet aggregometry (may be considered)
Warafin: if used PT (INR)
UFH: Anti Xa activity

38
Q

NEJM 2014 Triss Trial: What was found between the two thresholds of blood transfusions in septic patients

A

No difference in mortality etc. Only higher threshold for transfusion received more tranfusion

39
Q

NEJM Lifenox: What was the difference of enoxaparin and stocking vs stockings alone on mortality

A

LMWH

Did not decrease the rate of in hospital deaths in acutely ill patients

40
Q

AJVR 2009 How does platelet concentration alter TEG

A

People < 66K before MA and K to be abnormal

Would not expect it to strongly influence R (CT) because value represents the initiation phase

41
Q

AJVR 2009 How does clotting deficiencies alter TEG

A

FVII, FVIII, or FIX hypocoagulable

42
Q

AJVR 2009 How does HCT alter TEG

A

Increased HCT = hypocoagulability
Decreased HCT= Hypercoagulability
more coag factors as less RBCs to ‘dilute’ sample therefore increase coag

43
Q

JAVMA 2017 In dogs and cats with liver lobectomies what led to increased transfusion rates

A

Dogs: perioperative anemia
Cats: Post operative anemia

44
Q

JAVMA 2017 What eicosanoids were increased in pRBCs during storage and use

A

TXB2, PGF2Alpha, 6-Keto-PGF1a, LTB4

45
Q

JVIM 2017 What as associated with an increased need for transfusion in cats receiving dialysis

A

Number of dialysis treatments

46
Q

JVIM 2017 In dogs what increased mortality in dogs receiving dialysis

A

Blood product administered

47
Q

JAVMA 2017 What changed in dogs that were crossmatched prior to transfusion

A

Higher mean HCT post tranfsuion

12.5 vs. 9

48
Q

JVIM 2017 How did leukoreduction alter eicosanoids in pRBCs

A

Did not alter 6-Keto-PGF1 alpha

49
Q

JVECC2017 How did storage affect chance of hemolytic reaction

A

Every additional day of storage age increased likely hood of hemolytic significantly

50
Q

JVECC 2017 How was blood product age associated with mortality

A

Wasn’t

51
Q

JVECC 2017 What was found to increase complications with

A

Increase dose of product
Longer duration of administration
Immune mediated diease

52
Q

JVIM 2017 After transfusion with DEA 1 matched blood products what percentage of dogs were incompatible with the donor after transfusion

A

44%

53
Q

NEJM 2017 TRANSFUSE: How did the age of the transfused pRBCs affect mortality

A

Did not affect mortatlity at 90 days in among critically ill adults

54
Q

JVECC 2019 What were the 4 variables in the HeLP score and what is it used for

A

Body weight, admission total protein, admission platelet count, thoracic rad findings

55
Q

JVECC 2019 How did leukoreduction of pRBC affect mortatlity in critically ill dogs

A

No change in mortality, inflammation, or TF rx

56
Q

AJVR 2019 in Dogs how did a microaggregate filter alter RBC fragility

A

Did not change, Morphology was noted to have changed

57
Q

JVECC 2019 At the level of the iliac how did the cadual vena cava diameter or ratio to aorta change in greyhounds after donating 1 unit of blood

A

No change in diameter or ratio to aorta

58
Q

JVECC 2019 How did greyhounds cryopreciptate factors alter the quality of product

A

Was stastically less in VWF and fibrinogen, but still met human quality standards

59
Q

JVIM 2019 How are cobalamine and folate related to anemia in dogs

A

Not

60
Q

2019 JVIM How did cryopoor precipitated change albumin with a CRI

A

Increased albumin with increased rate of CRI
(1.8 ml/kg/hr)
Content of CPP= FFP

61
Q

JVECC 2019 What was associated with transfusion in cats with pelvic injury

A

Lower PCV, Increased ATT, Longer length of Hosp

SI luxations/pubic factures

62
Q

JVIM 2018 in cats with blood type compatible blood how did crossmatch affect the outcome

A

Crossmatching did not change transfusion reactions or improve post PCV significantly

63
Q

JAVMA 2018 What percentage of animals (cats vs Dogs) developed hospital acquired anemia at 48 hours.

A

70% of cats and 43% of dgos

64
Q

JAVMA 2018 What increased the risk of developing hospital acquired anemia

A

Cumulative phelbotomy of > 3% total blood volume; Surgery; increased volume of crystalloid fluids

Board Review 2020 (37 decks)

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