Respiratory Anatomy I Flashcards
In the movement of CO2 and O2 throughout the body, the respiratory system can be used for _____ ______ while the cardiovascular system is used for ________.
Gas Exchange
Transport
What are the 4 functions of the respiratory system?
1- has receptors for the sense of smell
2- Warms, moistens, and filters inspired air
3- Produces sound
4- Helps to eliminate waste, eg CO2
What are the two “portions” of the respiratory system?
Conducting portion
Respiratory portion
What structures are in the conducting portion of the respiratory system?
Nasal cavities→ pharynx → larynx→ trachea → bronchi → terminal bronchioles
Is there gas exchange in the conducting portion? What happens here?
This is interconnecting cavities and tubes
No gas exchange happens here
It “just gets air down the tube”
What structures are in the respiratory portion of the respiratory system? What happens here?
Respiratory bronchioles → alveolar ducts → alveoli
This is where gas exchange occurs
What is pulmonary respiration?
Ventilation/breathing, air in and out of lungs
What is external respiration?
Exchange from lungs to blood
What is internal respiration?
Exchange from blood to cells
What makes up the nasal septum?
the perpendicular plate of the ethmoid
the vertical plate of the vomer
and, by some septal cartilage
What are the three shelves that project from the nasal septum?
They are the superior and medial conchae of the ethmoid, and the inferior nasal conchae
What covers the shelves? What is the space in between called?
Mucus membrane
meatus
What kind of cells line the mucus membrane?
pseudostratified epithelium
What is a goblet cell?
unicellular mucin-producing glands
What three things do the nasal cavities do?
1- Warm, moistened, and filtered air to the lung
2- Olfactory stimulation
3- A hollow resonating chamber for the voice
What are the three divisions of the pharynx?
Nasopharynx
Oropharynx
hypopharynx OR laryngopharynx
How long is the pharynx? What is it made from?
5 inches long
A skeletal muscle tube
What are the three divisions of the pharynx?
Nasopharynx
Oropharynx
hypopharynx OR laryngopharynx
The pharynx goes from the internal _____ to the _____
nares
larynx
What are the openings in the nasopharynx?
4 openings: 2 internal nares and 2 eustachian tubes
What kind of epithelium lines the nasopharynx?
Pseudostratified ciliated epithelium
What kind of epithelium lines the nasopharynx?
Pseudostratified ciliated epithelium
What is the name of the opening in the oropharynx? What is it between?
Fauces
Between mouth and pharynx
What is the end of the pharynx, ends at the larynx and esophagus?
Hypopharynx or laryngopharynx
What kind of epithelial cells line the oropharynx?
Stratified squamous epithelium
What kind of epithelial cells line the hypopharynx?
Stratified squamous epithelium
