Lung Physio I

Question 1

What is intrapulmonary pressure?

Answer 1

Pressure in the alveoli (lung)

Question 2

What is intrapleural pressure?

Answer 2

Pressure in pleural space

Question 3

What is atmospheric pressure?

Answer 3

760 mmHg

Question 4

At rest, what is the intrapulmonary pressure? Intrapleural pressure?

Answer 4

760 mmHg

756 mmHg

Question 5

At inspiration, what is the intrapulmonary pressure? Intrapleural pressure?

Answer 5

757 mmHg

754 mmHg

Question 6

At expiration, what is the intrapulmonary pressure? Intrapleural pressure?

Answer 6

763 mmHg

756 mmHg

Question 7

What is transpulmonary pressure and why is it important?

Answer 7

The transpulmonary pressure, which keeps the lung from collapsing is 757-754= 3 mmHg. The lungs want to recoil and the surface tension of the alveolar fluid keeps the lung from collapsing.

Question 8

What is Tidal Volume?

Answer 8

TV- 500 mL

Normal quiet breathing/ normal adult inspiration OR expiration

Question 9

What is inspiratory reserve volume?

Answer 9

IRV- 3000mL

Amount of air in excess of tidal volume that can be inhaled with maximum effort

Question 10

What is expiratory reserve volume?

Answer 10

ERV- 1200mL

Amount of air in excess of tidal volume that can be exhaled with maximum effort

Question 11

What is residual volume?

Answer 11

RV- 1200mL

Amount of air remaining in the lungs after maximal expiration

Question 12

What does residual volume do?

Answer 12

Keeps alveoli inflated and mixes with fresh air from next breath

Question 13

What is vital capacity?

Answer 13

VC- 4700mL

The amount of air that can be inhaled and exhaled with maximum effort

Question 14

What is the formula for determining vital capacity?

Answer 14

VC= TV + IRV + ERV

Question 15

What is total lung capacity?

Answer 15

TLC- 5900 mL

Maximum amount of air that the lungs can contain

Question 16

What is the formula for determining total lung capacity?

Answer 16

TLC = VC + RV

Question 17

What is functional reserve capacity?

Answer 17

FRC- 2400 mL

The amount of air remaining in lungs after normal tidal respiration

Question 18

What is the formula for determining functional reserve capacity?

Answer 18

FRC = RV + ERV

Question 19

What is the definition of dead air space?

Answer 19

Amount of air that never reaches the alveoli- fills conducting portion

Question 20

Hos is the volume of dead air space determined?

Answer 20

350 mL is exchangeable of the 500 mL of tidal volume
500 ml(TV) - 350 mL = 150 mL = volume of air in conducting portion

Question 21

What are 2 advantages of dead air space?

Answer 21

Keeps us safe from toxic air a little longer

Prevents wide fluctuations of O2/CO2 levels

Question 22

What is the minute respiratory volume?

Answer 22

The amount of air inhaled per minute

Question 23

How is minute respiratory volume determined?

Answer 23

TV x RR = MRV

500 ml x 12 breaths per minute = ~6L

Question 24

What is apnea?

Answer 24

Cessation of breathing

Question 25

What is dyspnea?

Answer 25

Labored or gasping breathing (S.O.B.)

Question 26

What is the medical term for normal breathing?

Answer 26

Eupnea

Question 27

What is the medical term for normal breathing?

Answer 27

Eupnea

Question 28

______ results from bronchial constriction and ↑ airway resistance

Answer 28

asthma

Question 29

What 4 things can cause asthma?

Answer 29

Excess mucus secretions
Inflammation of bronchioles
Constriction of smooth muscle around bronchioles
Can be provoked by an allergic reaction

Question 30

What is pneumonia?

Answer 30

Respiratory membrane thickened with edema, fluid seeps out into alveoli

Question 31

What is emphysema?

Answer 31

Alveolar wall destruction

Reduced surface area for gas exchange

Question 32

What is pulmonary fibrosis?

Answer 32

Replacement of lung tissue with (inelastic) fibrous CT

Question 33

What is black lung?

Answer 33

Any lung disease that develops from inhaling coal dust