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A&P 3.1 > Lung Physio I > Flashcards

Lung Physio I Flashcards

1
Q

What is intrapulmonary pressure?

A

Pressure in the alveoli (lung)

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2
Q

What is intrapleural pressure?

A

Pressure in pleural space

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3
Q

What is atmospheric pressure?

A

760 mmHg

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4
Q

At rest, what is the intrapulmonary pressure? Intrapleural pressure?

A

760 mmHg

756 mmHg

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5
Q

At inspiration, what is the intrapulmonary pressure? Intrapleural pressure?

A

757 mmHg

754 mmHg

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6
Q

At expiration, what is the intrapulmonary pressure? Intrapleural pressure?

A

763 mmHg

756 mmHg

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7
Q

What is transpulmonary pressure and why is it important?

A

The transpulmonary pressure, which keeps the lung from collapsing is 757-754= 3 mmHg. The lungs want to recoil and the surface tension of the alveolar fluid keeps the lung from collapsing.

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8
Q

What is Tidal Volume?

A

TV- 500 mL

Normal quiet breathing/ normal adult inspiration OR expiration

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9
Q

What is inspiratory reserve volume?

A

IRV- 3000mL

Amount of air in excess of tidal volume that can be inhaled with maximum effort

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10
Q

What is expiratory reserve volume?

A

ERV- 1200mL

Amount of air in excess of tidal volume that can be exhaled with maximum effort

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11
Q

What is residual volume?

A

RV- 1200mL

Amount of air remaining in the lungs after maximal expiration

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12
Q

What does residual volume do?

A

Keeps alveoli inflated and mixes with fresh air from next breath

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13
Q

What is vital capacity?

A

VC- 4700mL

The amount of air that can be inhaled and exhaled with maximum effort

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14
Q

What is the formula for determining vital capacity?

A

VC= TV + IRV + ERV

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15
Q

What is total lung capacity?

A

TLC- 5900 mL

Maximum amount of air that the lungs can contain

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16
Q

What is the formula for determining total lung capacity?

A

TLC = VC + RV

17
Q

What is functional reserve capacity?

A

FRC- 2400 mL

The amount of air remaining in lungs after normal tidal respiration

18
Q

What is the formula for determining functional reserve capacity?

A

FRC = RV + ERV

19
Q

What is the definition of dead air space?

A

Amount of air that never reaches the alveoli- fills conducting portion

20
Q

Hos is the volume of dead air space determined?

A 
350 mL is exchangeable of the 500 mL of tidal volume
500 ml(TV) - 350 mL = 150 mL = volume of air in conducting portion
21
Q

What are 2 advantages of dead air space?

A

Keeps us safe from toxic air a little longer

Prevents wide fluctuations of O2/CO2 levels

22
Q

What is the minute respiratory volume?

A

The amount of air inhaled per minute

23
Q

How is minute respiratory volume determined?

A

TV x RR = MRV

500 ml x 12 breaths per minute = ~6L

24
Q

What is apnea?

A

Cessation of breathing

25
Q

What is dyspnea?

A

Labored or gasping breathing (S.O.B.)

26
Q

What is the medical term for normal breathing?

A

Eupnea

27
Q

What is the medical term for normal breathing?

A

Eupnea

28
Q

______ results from bronchial constriction and ↑ airway resistance

A

asthma

29
Q

What 4 things can cause asthma?

A

Excess mucus secretions
Inflammation of bronchioles
Constriction of smooth muscle around bronchioles
Can be provoked by an allergic reaction

30
Q

What is pneumonia?

A

Respiratory membrane thickened with edema, fluid seeps out into alveoli

31
Q

What is emphysema?

A

Alveolar wall destruction

Reduced surface area for gas exchange

32
Q

What is pulmonary fibrosis?

A

Replacement of lung tissue with (inelastic) fibrous CT

33
Q

What is black lung?

A

Any lung disease that develops from inhaling coal dust

A&P 3.1 (20 decks)

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