Lymphatic System

Question 1

A network of vessels that penetrate nearly every tissue and a collection of tissues and organs that filter the _____ and produce _____ ______

Answer 1

lymph

immune cells.

Question 2

Without the lymphatic system, the body would die from _________ ______.

Answer 2

Hypovolemic shock

Question 3

Over the course of a day, the lymphatic system reabsorbs ___L of water and ___ of the plasma proteins.

Answer 3

2-4L

¼- ½ the plasma proteins

Question 4

Describe lymph

Answer 4

A clear, or yellowish fluid derived from interstitial fluid and found in lymph vessels
Similar to blood plasma, but low in protein
Its composition varies substantially from place to place and time to time

Question 5

What are the 4 parts of the lymphatic system?

Answer 5

Lymph
Lymphatic vessels
Lymphatic tissue
Lymphatic organs

Question 6

What are the tunics of lymph vessels?

Answer 6

Have the same tunics as arteries/veins, but the walls are thinner, and have more valves than veins. Also, no endothelial cells (by definition, those are only in arteries/veins)

Question 7

Where do lymph vessels take fluid?

Answer 7

Away from tissues

Question 8

Lymph vessels begin as lymph ______, ends in one of two lymph ____

Answer 8

capillaries

ducts

Question 9

What kind of cells make up lymph vessels?

Answer 9

Are composed of simple squamous cells, that slightly overlap, no basement membrane

Question 10

Lymph vessels are _____ permeable than capillaries.

Answer 10

More

Question 11

Where aren’t lymph vessels found?

Answer 11

CNS, bone marrow, cartilage, epidermis, cornea, teeth

Question 12

Can fluid escape from lymph vessels?

Answer 12

No

Question 13

What is a special name for lymph capillary found in the villi of the small intestine?

Answer 13

Lacteal vessel

Question 14

What are transported by the lacteal lymph vessels?

Answer 14

Products of lipid metabolism

Question 15

What happens to most absorbed fats?

Answer 15

Most fat enters the lymphatic vessels and is eventually emptied into the venous blood in the neck region via the thoracic duct, which drains the digestive viscera.

Question 16

After meals, lacteal lymph is _____ due to absorbed fats.

Answer 16

White

Question 17

What are the two lymphatic ducts?

Answer 17

Thoracic duct

Right lymphatic duct

Question 18

What does the thoracic duct drain?

Answer 18

Lower limbs and abdomen
Left thorax
Left upper extremity
Left side of head and neck

Question 19

Which lymphatic duct is larger?

Answer 19

Thoracic duct

Question 20

What does the thoracic duct drain into?

Answer 20

Drains into left subclavian vein → l brachiocephalic vein → sup vena cava

Question 21

What does the right lymphatic duct drain?

Answer 21

Right thorax
Right upper extremity
Right side of head and neck

Question 22

Where does the right lymphatic duct drain to?

Answer 22

Empties into right subclavian vein → r brachiocephalic vein → sup. v.c.

Question 23

What is lymphatic tissue made of?

Answer 23

Composed of aggregates of lymphocytes and macrophages

Question 24

What isn’t lymphatic tissue connected to?

Answer 24

Not connected to lymph vessels, lymphatic tissue is just a mass of cells

Question 25

What is an example of a nodule of lymphatic tissue?

Answer 25

Peyer’s patches in the intestine

Question 26

In what three areas can lymphatic tissue be found? (acronyms)

Answer 26

MALT- mucosa-associated lymphatic tissue
BALT-bronchus-associated lymphatic tissue
GALT- gut-associated lymphatic tissue

Question 27

What is a lymph node?

Answer 27

Bean-shaped, has a capsule (unlike nodule), are hundreds of lymph nodes, are connected by lymphatic vessels

Question 28

What do lymph nodes do? What allows them to do this?

Answer 28

Filters the lymph multiple times as the lymph flows to the subclavians
Contains lymphocytes- so “cleans” the lymph of foreign matter

Question 29

In a lymph node, many afferent lymph vessels ______, just one efferent lymph vessel ______

Answer 29

enter

leaves

Question 30

In a lymph node, many afferent lymph vessels ______, just one efferent lymph vessel ______

Answer 30

enter

leaves

Question 31

What are the three lymphatic organs?

Answer 31

Spleen
Thymus
Tonsils

Question 32

So the tonsil have capsules?

Answer 32

No, only partially encapsulated

Question 33

What are patches of lymphatic tissue located at the entrance of pharynx?

Answer 33

Tonsils

Question 34

What are the 4 kinds of tonsils?

Answer 34

palatine tonsil, lingual tonsil, pharyngeal tonsil, tubal tonsil

Question 35

What is a tubal tonsil?

Answer 35

Tubal tonsils are tiny and surround the opening of the eustachian tube to throat