Lymphatic System Flashcards
A network of vessels that penetrate nearly every tissue and a collection of tissues and organs that filter the _____ and produce _____ ______
lymph
immune cells.
Without the lymphatic system, the body would die from _________ ______.
Hypovolemic shock
Over the course of a day, the lymphatic system reabsorbs ___L of water and ___ of the plasma proteins.
2-4L
¼- ½ the plasma proteins
Describe lymph
A clear, or yellowish fluid derived from interstitial fluid and found in lymph vessels
Similar to blood plasma, but low in protein
Its composition varies substantially from place to place and time to time
What are the 4 parts of the lymphatic system?
Lymph
Lymphatic vessels
Lymphatic tissue
Lymphatic organs
What are the tunics of lymph vessels?
Have the same tunics as arteries/veins, but the walls are thinner, and have more valves than veins. Also, no endothelial cells (by definition, those are only in arteries/veins)
Where do lymph vessels take fluid?
Away from tissues
Lymph vessels begin as lymph ______, ends in one of two lymph ____
capillaries
ducts
What kind of cells make up lymph vessels?
Are composed of simple squamous cells, that slightly overlap, no basement membrane
Lymph vessels are _____ permeable than capillaries.
More
Where aren’t lymph vessels found?
CNS, bone marrow, cartilage, epidermis, cornea, teeth
Can fluid escape from lymph vessels?
No
What is a special name for lymph capillary found in the villi of the small intestine?
Lacteal vessel
What are transported by the lacteal lymph vessels?
Products of lipid metabolism
What happens to most absorbed fats?
Most fat enters the lymphatic vessels and is eventually emptied into the venous blood in the neck region via the thoracic duct, which drains the digestive viscera.
After meals, lacteal lymph is _____ due to absorbed fats.
White
What are the two lymphatic ducts?
Thoracic duct
Right lymphatic duct
What does the thoracic duct drain?
Lower limbs and abdomen
Left thorax
Left upper extremity
Left side of head and neck
Which lymphatic duct is larger?
Thoracic duct
What does the thoracic duct drain into?
Drains into left subclavian vein → l brachiocephalic vein → sup vena cava
What does the right lymphatic duct drain?
Right thorax
Right upper extremity
Right side of head and neck
Where does the right lymphatic duct drain to?
Empties into right subclavian vein → r brachiocephalic vein → sup. v.c.
What is lymphatic tissue made of?
Composed of aggregates of lymphocytes and macrophages
What isn’t lymphatic tissue connected to?
Not connected to lymph vessels, lymphatic tissue is just a mass of cells
What is an example of a nodule of lymphatic tissue?
Peyer’s patches in the intestine
In what three areas can lymphatic tissue be found? (acronyms)
MALT- mucosa-associated lymphatic tissue
BALT-bronchus-associated lymphatic tissue
GALT- gut-associated lymphatic tissue
What is a lymph node?
Bean-shaped, has a capsule (unlike nodule), are hundreds of lymph nodes, are connected by lymphatic vessels
What do lymph nodes do? What allows them to do this?
Filters the lymph multiple times as the lymph flows to the subclavians
Contains lymphocytes- so “cleans” the lymph of foreign matter
In a lymph node, many afferent lymph vessels ______, just one efferent lymph vessel ______
enter
leaves
In a lymph node, many afferent lymph vessels ______, just one efferent lymph vessel ______
enter
leaves
What are the three lymphatic organs?
Spleen
Thymus
Tonsils
So the tonsil have capsules?
No, only partially encapsulated
What are patches of lymphatic tissue located at the entrance of pharynx?
Tonsils
What are the 4 kinds of tonsils?
palatine tonsil, lingual tonsil, pharyngeal tonsil, tubal tonsil
What is a tubal tonsil?
Tubal tonsils are tiny and surround the opening of the eustachian tube to throat
