respiratory anatomy Flashcards
somatic nervous system
voluntary body movements, sensations of external stimulus
autonomic nervous system
maintaining homeostasis in your internal environment
- involuntary - sympathetic and parasympathetic
what are the effects of parasympathetic
rest and digest
- decreases rate and force of heart beat, increase gut motility, increase gland secretion, emptying of bladder, constricts pupils, maintenance of airway patency
what are the effects of sympathetic
fight or flight
- increase heart rate and BP, bronchodilation, decrease gut motility, bladder filling, peripheral vasoconstriction, increase sweat gland secretion, dilate pupils
afferent meaning
towards the CNS - sensory impulse
efferent meaning
away from the CNS - motor
ganglion meaning
collection of nerve cell bodies outside the CNS
somatic efferent system
travels from CNS through PNS to the effector of a voluntary muscle
autonomic efferent system
travels through preganglionic fibre to the ganglion then through the postganglionic fibre to the involuntary muscle and glands
parasympathetic ganglions
- long preganglionic
- synapse near the target
- short postganglionic
- 1/2 ganglion
- impulse transmitted by neurotransmitter release (acetylcholine)
sympathetic ganglions
- shorter preganglionic
- longer postganglionic
- many ganglions
- run with blood vessels
- synapse further from target organ
- acetylcholine neurotransmitter in sympathetic trunk
where is the autonomic control centre
- brain stem
- hypothalamus
how does the neurotransmitter work
- action potential arrives
- opens voltage gates ca channel
- Ca induced release of neurotransmitter
- neurotransmitter binds to receptor
- receptors open channels
- carry on of the action potential
