anatomy of aging Flashcards
1
Q
what is ageing
A
‘the impact of the accumulation of a wide variety of molecular and cellular gamage over time’
2
Q
growth in the cardiovascular system
A
- increase in stroke volume
- decrease in heart rate
- increase in blood pressure
- post natal circulatory changes
3
Q
ageing in cardiovascular system
A
- loss of elasticity to vessels
- atherosclerosis
- weakness of vessel walls
- enlargement of heart
- calcification and incompetence of heart valves
- cardiac bridging
4
Q
growth in respiratory system
A
- inflammation of lungs at birth
- descent of larynx
5
Q
ageing in respiratory system
A
- loss of elasticity
- accumulation of particulates
- damage to alveoli
6
Q
growth in musculoskeletal system
A
- development of cartilage models
- gradual ossification of cartilage
- fusion of epiphyses
7
Q
ageing in muscoskeletal system
A
- slowing of bone replacement
- reduction in bone density
- curvature of spine
- osteoarthritis
- degeneration of intervertebral discs
- reduction of muscle mass
8
Q
growth in nervous and sensory changes
A
- largely in utero
- synaptic remodelling in puberty
9
Q
ageing in nervous and sensory changes
A
- brain decreases in size
- accumulation of cellular damage
- lenses becoming cloudy - cataracts
- retina degenerates
- hearing loss
- general loss of sensory acuity
10
Q
growth in endocrine system
A
- mostly in utero
- thymus decreases in size from early childhood
- gonads and mammary glands develop during puberty
11
Q
ageing in endocrine system
A
- atrophy of thymus functionally complete by 40
- menopause - atrophy of ovaries, atrophy of mammary glands
12
Q
effects of aging on digestive system
A
- weakening of the wall
- reduced peristalsis
- distention
- diverticulae
13
Q
effects of ageing on integumentary system
A
- loss of collagen
- loss of elasticity in skin
- loss of melanin in hair
