accessory organ anatomy Flashcards
1
Q
impressions of the liver
A
- gastric impressions- right adrenal gland impression
- right renal impression
- colic impression
- oesophageal impression
2
Q
abdominal ligaments
A
- falciform ligament
- hepatogastric ligament
3
Q
what vessels deliver to the liver
A
- hepatic artery (oxygenated blood)
- portal vein (deoxygenated blood)
4
Q
hepatic portal vein tributaries
A
- splenic vein
- inferior mesenteric vein
- superior mesenteric vein
5
Q
biliary system
A
- right hepatic duct
- left hepatic duct
- cystic ducts
- common hepatic duct
- bile duct
6
Q
parts of the pancreas
A
- tail
- body
- neck
- head
- uncinated process
7
Q
what ribs are associated with the spleen
A
9-11
8
Q
what is the function of the liver
A
- synthesis of bile
- glycogen storage
- clotting factor production
9
Q
what are the two external liver surfaces called
A
- diaphragmatic surface
- visceral surface
10
Q
diaphragmatic surface of the liver
A
- anterosuperior surface
- smooth and convex
- posterior aspect is not covered by visceral peritoneum
11
Q
visceral surface of the liver
A
- posteroinferior surface of the liver
- covered with peritoneum
- irregular and flat, moulding the shape of the surrounding organs
- in contact with: right kidney, right adrenal gland, right colic flexure, transverse colon, first part of duodenum, gallbladder, oesophagus, stomach
12
Q
ligaments of the liver
A
- falciform ligament
- coronary ligament
- triangular ligament
- lesser omentum
13
Q
falciform ligament attachment
A
- anterior surface of liver to anterior abdominal wall
14
Q
coronary ligament attachment
A
- superior surface of the liver to the inferior surface of the diaphragm
15
Q
triangular ligament attachment
A
- left = left lobe of liver to the diaphragm
- right = right lobe of liver to the diaphragm
16
Q
lesser omentum attachment
A
- liver to the lesser curvature of the stomach and first part of the duodenum
17
Q
caudate lobe of the liver
A
- upper aspect of the visceral surface
- between the gallbladder and a fossa from the ligamentum teres
18
Q
quadrate lobe
A
- lower aspect of the visceral surface
- between the gallbladder and a fossa from the ligamentum teres
19
Q
blood supply of the liver
A
- hepatic artery proper
- hepatic portal vein
20
Q
nerve supply of the liver
A
- hepatic plexus which is sympathetic and parasympathetic
- enter at the porta hepatis
21
Q
lymphatic drainage of the liver
A
- anterior aspect = hepatic lymph nodes
posterior aspect = phrenic and posterior mediastinal nodes
22
Q
innervation of the gallbladder
A
vagus nerve
23
Q
lymph drainage of the gallbladder
A
cystic lymph nodes
24
Q
where is the pancrease positioned
A
at the level of the transpyloric plane
25
blood vessels in relation to the pancreases
- aorta and inferior vena cava pass posteriorly to the head
- superior mesenteric artery behind neck
- splenic and superior mesenteric are posterior to the neck of the pancreas
26
what controls the secretion from pancreas into the duodenum
the sphincter of Oddi (a muscular valve)
27
arterial supply of the pancreas
splenic artery
- head also supplied by the superior and inferior pancreaticoduodenal arteries
28
venous drainage of the pancreas
the superior mesenteric branches of the hepatic portal vein
29
what is the lymphatics of the pancreas
- pancreaticosplenal nodes and pyloric nodes
- this drains into the superior mesenteric and coeliac lymph nodes
30
what is the main function of the sleep
blood filter (removes old red blood cells)
31
ligaments attaching the spleen
- gastrosplenic ligament
- splenorenal ligament
32
gastrosplenic ligament attachments
anterior to the selenic hilum, connects spleen to greater curvature of the stomach
33
splenorenal ligamanet attachments
posterior to the splenic hilum, connects the hilum of the spleen to the left kidney
34
what are the two outer surfaces of the spleen called
- diaphragmatic surface (diaphragm and rib cage)
- visceral surface (abdominal viscera)
35
arterial supply of the spleen
splenic artery (arises off the coeliac trunk)
36
venous drainage of the spleen
splenic vein (combines to the hepatic portal vein)
37
what is the innervation of the spleen
coeliac plexus
38
what are the lymphatics of the spleen
pancreaticosplenic lymph nodes
39
anatomical location of the adrenal glands
- posterior abdomen
- between the superomedial kidney and diaphragm
- retroperitoneal
40
what is the arterial supply of the adrenal glands
- superior adrenal artery
- middle adrenal artery
- inferior adrenal artery
41
what is the venous drainage of the adrenal glands
right and left adrenal veins
42
what is the innervation of the adrenal glands
- coeliac plexus
- greater splanchnic nerves
43
what is the lymph drainage of the adrenal glands
lumbar lymph nodes
44
what is the function of the kidneys
- filter and excrete waste products from the blood
- water and electrolyte balance
45
what is the external structure of the kidneys
- renal capsule
- perirenal fat
- renal fascia
- pararenal fat
46
what is the internal structure of the kidneys
- cortex and the medulla
- renal pyramids
renal pelvis
- major calyx
- minor calyx
- ureter
47
what is the arterial supply of the kidneys
- renal arteries
- entering in at the renal hilum
48
what is the venous drainage of the kidneys
- renal veins
- this enter into the inferior vena cava
49
what is the lymph drainage of the kidneys
lateral aortic lymph nodes
50
what is the mesentery
double folded peritoneal tissue suspends the small intestine and the large intestine from the posterior abdominal wall
51
what is the function of the mesentery
- anchors the large and small intestine in place but allows for movement
- provides conduit for blood vessels, nerves and lymphatics
52
what is the structure of the mesentery
- a double layered fold of peritoneum
- mesentery of the small intestine
- right mesocolon
- transverse mesocolon
- left mesocolon
- mesosigmoid
- mesorectum
53
what arteries travel through the mesentery
- superior mesenteric artery = organ supply to midgut
- inferior mesenteric artery = organ supply to hindgut
54
what is the venous drainage of the mesentery
- superior mesenteric vein
- inferior mesenteric vein
55
what is the innervation of the mesentery
- superior mesenteric plexus
- this contains parasympathetic and sympathetic innervation
56
what are the lymph nodes that are found in the mesentery
- inferior mesenteric lymph nodes
- superior mesenteric lymph nodes
