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10003 - paramedic science > accessory organ anatomy > Flashcards

accessory organ anatomy Flashcards

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1
Q

impressions of the liver

A
  • gastric impressions- right adrenal gland impression
  • right renal impression
  • colic impression
  • oesophageal impression
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2
Q

abdominal ligaments

A
  • falciform ligament
  • hepatogastric ligament
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3
Q

what vessels deliver to the liver

A
  • hepatic artery (oxygenated blood)
  • portal vein (deoxygenated blood)
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4
Q

hepatic portal vein tributaries

A
  • splenic vein
  • inferior mesenteric vein
  • superior mesenteric vein
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5
Q

biliary system

A
  • right hepatic duct
  • left hepatic duct
  • cystic ducts
  • common hepatic duct
  • bile duct
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6
Q

parts of the pancreas

A
  • tail
  • body
  • neck
  • head
  • uncinated process
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7
Q

what ribs are associated with the spleen

A

9-11

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8
Q

what is the function of the liver

A
  • synthesis of bile
  • glycogen storage
  • clotting factor production
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9
Q

what are the two external liver surfaces called

A
  • diaphragmatic surface
  • visceral surface
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10
Q

diaphragmatic surface of the liver

A
  • anterosuperior surface
  • smooth and convex
  • posterior aspect is not covered by visceral peritoneum
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11
Q

visceral surface of the liver

A
  • posteroinferior surface of the liver
  • covered with peritoneum
  • irregular and flat, moulding the shape of the surrounding organs
  • in contact with: right kidney, right adrenal gland, right colic flexure, transverse colon, first part of duodenum, gallbladder, oesophagus, stomach
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12
Q

ligaments of the liver

A
  • falciform ligament
  • coronary ligament
  • triangular ligament
  • lesser omentum
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13
Q

falciform ligament attachment

A
  • anterior surface of liver to anterior abdominal wall
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14
Q

coronary ligament attachment

A
  • superior surface of the liver to the inferior surface of the diaphragm
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15
Q

triangular ligament attachment

A
  • left = left lobe of liver to the diaphragm
  • right = right lobe of liver to the diaphragm
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16
Q

lesser omentum attachment

A
  • liver to the lesser curvature of the stomach and first part of the duodenum
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17
Q

caudate lobe of the liver

A
  • upper aspect of the visceral surface
  • between the gallbladder and a fossa from the ligamentum teres
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18
Q

quadrate lobe

A
  • lower aspect of the visceral surface
  • between the gallbladder and a fossa from the ligamentum teres
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19
Q

blood supply of the liver

A
  • hepatic artery proper
  • hepatic portal vein
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20
Q

nerve supply of the liver

A
  • hepatic plexus which is sympathetic and parasympathetic
  • enter at the porta hepatis
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21
Q

lymphatic drainage of the liver

A
  • anterior aspect = hepatic lymph nodes
    posterior aspect = phrenic and posterior mediastinal nodes
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22
Q

innervation of the gallbladder

A

vagus nerve

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23
Q

lymph drainage of the gallbladder

A

cystic lymph nodes

24
Q

where is the pancrease positioned

A

at the level of the transpyloric plane

25
Q

blood vessels in relation to the pancreases

A
  • aorta and inferior vena cava pass posteriorly to the head
  • superior mesenteric artery behind neck
  • splenic and superior mesenteric are posterior to the neck of the pancreas
26
Q

what controls the secretion from pancreas into the duodenum

A

the sphincter of Oddi (a muscular valve)

27
Q

arterial supply of the pancreas

A

splenic artery
- head also supplied by the superior and inferior pancreaticoduodenal arteries

28
Q

venous drainage of the pancreas

A

the superior mesenteric branches of the hepatic portal vein

29
Q

what is the lymphatics of the pancreas

A
  • pancreaticosplenal nodes and pyloric nodes
  • this drains into the superior mesenteric and coeliac lymph nodes
30
Q

what is the main function of the sleep

A

blood filter (removes old red blood cells)

31
Q

ligaments attaching the spleen

A
  • gastrosplenic ligament
  • splenorenal ligament
32
Q

gastrosplenic ligament attachments

A

anterior to the selenic hilum, connects spleen to greater curvature of the stomach

33
Q

splenorenal ligamanet attachments

A

posterior to the splenic hilum, connects the hilum of the spleen to the left kidney

34
Q

what are the two outer surfaces of the spleen called

A
  • diaphragmatic surface (diaphragm and rib cage)
  • visceral surface (abdominal viscera)
35
Q

arterial supply of the spleen

A

splenic artery (arises off the coeliac trunk)

36
Q

venous drainage of the spleen

A

splenic vein (combines to the hepatic portal vein)

37
Q

what is the innervation of the spleen

A

coeliac plexus

38
Q

what are the lymphatics of the spleen

A

pancreaticosplenic lymph nodes

39
Q

anatomical location of the adrenal glands

A
  • posterior abdomen
  • between the superomedial kidney and diaphragm
  • retroperitoneal
40
Q

what is the arterial supply of the adrenal glands

A
  • superior adrenal artery
  • middle adrenal artery
  • inferior adrenal artery
41
Q

what is the venous drainage of the adrenal glands

A

right and left adrenal veins

42
Q

what is the innervation of the adrenal glands

A
  • coeliac plexus
  • greater splanchnic nerves
43
Q

what is the lymph drainage of the adrenal glands

A

lumbar lymph nodes

44
Q

what is the function of the kidneys

A
  • filter and excrete waste products from the blood
  • water and electrolyte balance
45
Q

what is the external structure of the kidneys

A
  • renal capsule
  • perirenal fat
  • renal fascia
  • pararenal fat
46
Q

what is the internal structure of the kidneys

A
  • cortex and the medulla
  • renal pyramids
    renal pelvis
  • major calyx
  • minor calyx
  • ureter
47
Q

what is the arterial supply of the kidneys

A
  • renal arteries
  • entering in at the renal hilum
48
Q

what is the venous drainage of the kidneys

A
  • renal veins
  • this enter into the inferior vena cava
49
Q

what is the lymph drainage of the kidneys

A

lateral aortic lymph nodes

50
Q

what is the mesentery

A

double folded peritoneal tissue suspends the small intestine and the large intestine from the posterior abdominal wall

51
Q

what is the function of the mesentery

A
  • anchors the large and small intestine in place but allows for movement
  • provides conduit for blood vessels, nerves and lymphatics
52
Q

what is the structure of the mesentery

A
  • a double layered fold of peritoneum
  • mesentery of the small intestine
  • right mesocolon
  • transverse mesocolon
  • left mesocolon
  • mesosigmoid
  • mesorectum
53
Q

what arteries travel through the mesentery

A
  • superior mesenteric artery = organ supply to midgut
  • inferior mesenteric artery = organ supply to hindgut
54
Q

what is the venous drainage of the mesentery

A
  • superior mesenteric vein
  • inferior mesenteric vein
55
Q

what is the innervation of the mesentery

A
  • superior mesenteric plexus
  • this contains parasympathetic and sympathetic innervation
56
Q

what are the lymph nodes that are found in the mesentery

A
  • inferior mesenteric lymph nodes
  • superior mesenteric lymph nodes

10003 - paramedic science (26 decks)

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