Respiratory Flashcards

1
Q

What is first line treatment for COPD?

A

STOP SMOKING YOU DICK!

SABA and SAMA

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2
Q

What symptoms make pulmonary embolism likely

A

Tachypnea (respiratory rate >16/min) - 96%
Crackles - 58%
Tachycardia (heart rate >100/min) - 44%
Fever (temperature >37.8°C) - 43%

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3
Q

What assessment needs to be done in primary care for patients with suspected pneumonia?

A

CRB65
C Confusion (abbreviated mental test score <= 8/10)
R Respiration rate >= 30/min
B Blood pressure: systolic <= 90 mmHg and/or diastolic <= 60 mmHg
65 Aged >= 65 years

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4
Q

What does the scoring of CRB65 mean?

A

home-based care for patients with a CRB65 score of 0

hospital assessment for all other patients, particularly those with a CRB65 score of 2 or more.

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5
Q

How are patients with suspected pneumonia assessed in secondary care setting?

A

CURB65
Confusion (abbreviated mental test score <= 8/10)
Urea > 7 mmol/L
Respiration rate >= 30/min
Blood pressure: systolic <= 90 mmHg and/or diastolic <= 60 mmHg
65 Aged >= 65 years

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6
Q

What does CURB65 scoring mean?

A

consider home-based care for patients with a CURB65 score of 0 or 1 - low risk (less than 3% mortality risk)
consider hospital-based care for patients with a CURB65 score of 2 or more - intermediate risk (3-15% mortality risk)
consider intensive care assessment for patients with a CURB65 score of 3 or more - high risk (more than 15% mortality risk)

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7
Q

What does bronchiectasis look like on x-ray?

A

Parallel line shadows (often called tram-lines) are common in bronchiectasis and indicate dilated bronchi due to peribronchial inflammation and fibrosis.

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