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Clinical Pharmacology > Respiratory > Flashcards

Respiratory Flashcards

1
Q

Short acting B agonist example

A

Salbutamol

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2
Q

Long acting B agonist example

A

Formoterol- fast onset

Salmeterol- slow

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3
Q

B2 agonist MoA

A

Increase cAMP –> PKA –> bronchial smooth muscle relaxation
Bronchodilation
increase mucous clearance by cilia

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4
Q

SABA use

A

Use as required to reverse bronchoconstriction

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5
Q

LABA use

A

Add on therapy combined with inhaled corticosteroids

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6
Q

B agonist ADR

A

Adrenergic response- fight or flight
Increase glycogenolysis
increase renin
Increase HR - tachycardia

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7
Q

B agonist DDI

A

B blocker

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8
Q

Inhaled corticosteroid example

A

Beclomethasone

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9
Q

Inhaled corticosteroid MoA

A

Binds cytoplasm receptor –> nuclear transcription modified
Increases expression of B2 receptors and anti-inflammatory mediators
decrease pro-inflammatory mediators

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10
Q

Inhaled corticosteroid use

A

Prevent remodelling of airways
combined with LABA
Reduces mucosal inflammation

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11
Q

Inhaled corticosteroid ADR

A

Local immunosupression- candidiasis, hoarse voice

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12
Q

Leukotriene receptor antagonist example

A

Montelukast

alternative to LABA

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13
Q

Leukotriene receptor antagonist MoA

A 
blocks CysLT1 (GPCR) preventing release of leukotrienes from mast cells/eosinophils
Leukotrienes increase bronchoconstriction
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14
Q

Long acting muscarinic receptor example

A

Tiotropium

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15
Q

Long acting muscarinic receptor MoA

A

M3 receptor antagonist

blocks vagally mediated bronchoconstriction

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16
Q

Long acting muscarinic receptor ADR

A

Anticholinergic side effects e.g. dry mouth and eyes, urinary retention

17
Q

Theophylline use

A

Chronic poorly controlled asthma

Life threatening / fatal asthma

18
Q

Theophylline MoA

A

Adenosine receptor antagonist

decrease bronchoconstriction

19
Q

Theophylline ADR/DDI

A

narrow therapeutic index- arrhythmia

CYP450 inhibitors increase conc.

20
Q

Short acting muscarinic receptor example

A

Ipratopium bromide

Clinical Pharmacology (18 decks)

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