Respiratory Flashcards
Short acting B agonist example
Salbutamol
Long acting B agonist example
Formoterol- fast onset
Salmeterol- slow
B2 agonist MoA
Increase cAMP –> PKA –> bronchial smooth muscle relaxation
Bronchodilation
increase mucous clearance by cilia
SABA use
Use as required to reverse bronchoconstriction
LABA use
Add on therapy combined with inhaled corticosteroids
B agonist ADR
Adrenergic response- fight or flight
Increase glycogenolysis
increase renin
Increase HR - tachycardia
B agonist DDI
B blocker
Inhaled corticosteroid example
Beclomethasone
Inhaled corticosteroid MoA
Binds cytoplasm receptor –> nuclear transcription modified
Increases expression of B2 receptors and anti-inflammatory mediators
decrease pro-inflammatory mediators
Inhaled corticosteroid use
Prevent remodelling of airways
combined with LABA
Reduces mucosal inflammation
Inhaled corticosteroid ADR
Local immunosupression- candidiasis, hoarse voice
Leukotriene receptor antagonist example
Montelukast
alternative to LABA
Leukotriene receptor antagonist MoA
blocks CysLT1 (GPCR) preventing release of leukotrienes from mast cells/eosinophils Leukotrienes increase bronchoconstriction
Long acting muscarinic receptor example
Tiotropium
Long acting muscarinic receptor MoA
M3 receptor antagonist
blocks vagally mediated bronchoconstriction
Long acting muscarinic receptor ADR
Anticholinergic side effects e.g. dry mouth and eyes, urinary retention
Theophylline use
Chronic poorly controlled asthma
Life threatening / fatal asthma
Theophylline MoA
Adenosine receptor antagonist
decrease bronchoconstriction
Theophylline ADR/DDI
narrow therapeutic index- arrhythmia
CYP450 inhibitors increase conc.
Short acting muscarinic receptor example
Ipratopium bromide
