Heart Failure

Question 1

Loop Diuretic example

Answer 1

Furosemide

Question 2

Loop diuretic MoA

Answer 2

Inhibits Na/Cl/K transporter

Dilation of capacitance veins (decrease preload)

Question 3

Loop diuretic ADR

Answer 3

Tinnitus- ototoxicity
Increase cholesterol and TAG
hypokalaemia/natraemia

Question 4

Loop diuretic DDI

Answer 4

Aminoglycosides
Digoxin (hypokalaemia)
Lithium

Question 5

K sparing diuretic example

Answer 5

Amiloride

Question 6

K sparing diuretic MoA

Answer 6

Blocks ENaC at DCT

Question 7

K sparing diuretic ADR

Answer 7

hyperkalaemia - Arrhythmia

Question 8

K sparing diuretic Warnings

Answer 8

Addison’s disease (K retention)

K supplements

Question 9

K sparing diuretic DDI

Answer 9

K sparing drugs

ACEi or ARB (hyperkalaemia)

Question 10

Spironolactone MoA

Answer 10

Aldosterone receptor antagonists

Decrease expression of ENaC and Na/K ATPase in collecting duct

Question 11

Spironolactone ADR

Answer 11

Impotence
Painful gynaecomastia
Hyperkalaemia

Question 12

ADH antagonist example

Answer 12

Tolvaptan

Question 13

ADH antagonist MoA

Answer 13

prevents AQP2 insertion in collecting duct

Question 14

B blocker MoA in heartfailure

Answer 14

Reverse cardiac remodelling
Slow heart rate- improve cardiac function
e.g. bisoprolol