Hypertension

Question 1

Stage 1 hypertension

Answer 1

> 140/90

Question 2

Stage 2 hypertension

Answer 2

> 160/100

Question 3

Stage 3 hypertension

Answer 3

> 180 SBP or > 120 DBP

Question 4

ACE inhibitors example

Answer 4

Ramipril or lisinopril

Question 5

ACE inhibitors MoA

Answer 5

Inhibits ACE to limit conversion of Ang I to Ang II 
Vasodilation
Decrease aldosterone
decrease ADH
Increase Bradykinin (vasodilator)

Question 6

ACE inhibitors ADR

Answer 6

dry cough
hypotension
Angio-oedema
hyperkalaemia

Question 7

ACE inhibitor warnings

Answer 7

renal artery stenosis
pregnancy
Angio-oedema

Question 8

Angiotensin II receptor blockers example

Answer 8

Candesartan and Losartan

Question 9

Angiotensin II receptor blocker MoA

Answer 9

Blocks AT1

Question 10

Angiotensin II receptor blocker DDI

Answer 10

NSAIDs- kidney function

Question 11

Ca channel blockers- dihydropyridines example

Answer 11

Amplodipine, nifedipine, nimodipine

Question 12

Ca channel blockers MoA

Answer 12

Peripheral vasculature
Nimodipine is cerebral vasculature selective
Vasodilation

Question 13

Ca channel blocker ADR

Answer 13

ankle swelling
flushing
headaches
palpitations (compensatory tachycardia)

Question 14

Ca channel blocker DDI

Answer 14

simvastatin and amlodipine - amlodipine increases conc of simvastatin (CYP34A inhibitor)

Question 15

Thiazides example

Answer 15

Indapamide or Bendroflumethiazide

Question 16

Thiazide MoA

Answer 16

Inhibits Na/Cl co-transporter in DCT

long term effects- decrease sensitivity of vascular smooth muscle to vasoconstrictors

Question 17

Thiazide ADRs

Answer 17

Hypercalcaemia (increase Ca reabsorption in DCT)
increase glucose, cholesterol and TAG
Hypokalaemia, hyponatraemia

Question 18

Drug used for resistant hypertension

Answer 18

Spironolactone

Question 19

Drug used in pregnancy for hypertension

Answer 19

Labetolol

Question 20

B blockers for hypertesnion

Answer 20

Bisoprolol, Labetolol

Question 21

B blocker for hypertension MoA

Answer 21

Decrease sympathetic tone, decrease renin secretion

decrease myocardial contraction

Question 22

B blocker for hypertension ADR

Answer 22

Bronchospasm
Heart block- AVN
Raynauds

Question 23

B blocker warnings

Answer 23

Asthma

Question 24

B blocker DDIs

Answer 24

Verapamil - asystole

Question 25

A blocker for hypertension

Answer 25

Doxasozin

Question 26

A blocker MoA

Answer 26

Blocks A1 receptor

reduces vascular peripheral resistance