Hypertension Flashcards
Stage 1 hypertension
> 140/90
Stage 2 hypertension
> 160/100
Stage 3 hypertension
> 180 SBP or > 120 DBP
ACE inhibitors example
Ramipril or lisinopril
ACE inhibitors MoA
Inhibits ACE to limit conversion of Ang I to Ang II Vasodilation Decrease aldosterone decrease ADH Increase Bradykinin (vasodilator)
ACE inhibitors ADR
dry cough
hypotension
Angio-oedema
hyperkalaemia
ACE inhibitor warnings
renal artery stenosis
pregnancy
Angio-oedema
Angiotensin II receptor blockers example
Candesartan and Losartan
Angiotensin II receptor blocker MoA
Blocks AT1
Angiotensin II receptor blocker DDI
NSAIDs- kidney function
Ca channel blockers- dihydropyridines example
Amplodipine, nifedipine, nimodipine
Ca channel blockers MoA
Peripheral vasculature
Nimodipine is cerebral vasculature selective
Vasodilation
Ca channel blocker ADR
ankle swelling
flushing
headaches
palpitations (compensatory tachycardia)
Ca channel blocker DDI
simvastatin and amlodipine - amlodipine increases conc of simvastatin (CYP34A inhibitor)
Thiazides example
Indapamide or Bendroflumethiazide
Thiazide MoA
Inhibits Na/Cl co-transporter in DCT
long term effects- decrease sensitivity of vascular smooth muscle to vasoconstrictors
Thiazide ADRs
Hypercalcaemia (increase Ca reabsorption in DCT)
increase glucose, cholesterol and TAG
Hypokalaemia, hyponatraemia
Drug used for resistant hypertension
Spironolactone
Drug used in pregnancy for hypertension
Labetolol
B blockers for hypertesnion
Bisoprolol, Labetolol
B blocker for hypertension MoA
Decrease sympathetic tone, decrease renin secretion
decrease myocardial contraction
B blocker for hypertension ADR
Bronchospasm
Heart block- AVN
Raynauds
B blocker warnings
Asthma
B blocker DDIs
Verapamil - asystole
A blocker for hypertension
Doxasozin
A blocker MoA
Blocks A1 receptor
reduces vascular peripheral resistance