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A&P of Speech and Hearing > Respiration Physiology > Flashcards

Respiration Physiology Flashcards

1
Q

what is the goal of respiration?

A

getting O2 to blood and getting rid of CO2 waste

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2
Q

Adults have about ____ to ___ respiratory cycles/min

A

12-18

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3
Q

1 inspiration + 1 expiration = 1 ___

A

cycle of respiration

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4
Q

Tidal respiration = ____ mL (___ L) of air each cycle

A

500; 1/2

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5
Q

Term for volume of air involved in 1 min of respiration

A

Minute volume

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6
Q

In the respiratory cycle, the movement of air into lungs is called ___

A

Ventilation

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7
Q

young children breathe __-__x more than adults because their lungs completely fill their thorax

A

2-3

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8
Q

Alveoli growth increases until age __, when there are __ million alveoli (adult amount)

A

8; 300

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9
Q

The lungs primarily grow because the ___ grows faster and stretches them

A

rib cage

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10
Q

air in an adult’s lungs that can’t be expelled

A

Residual volume (RV)

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11
Q

Respiration rates on the upper side of adult amount (18) at age __

A

10

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12
Q

1 mL = ___ cubic centimenter

A

1

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13
Q

volume of air exchanged during one unconscious cycle of respiration

A

Tidal volume (TV)

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14
Q

volume of air that can be inhaled after tidal inspiration

A

Inspiratory reserve volume (IRV)

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15
Q

In physiology, it’s not inhaling, it’s

A

inspiration

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16
Q

In physiology, it’s not exhaling, it’s

A

expiration

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17
Q

volume of air that can be expired following passive, tidal expiration

A

Expiratory reserve volume (ERV)

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18
Q

another name for expiratory reserve volume

A

Resting Lung Volume

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19
Q

part of residual volume, specifically the stuff within passageways that can’t be involved in gas exchange

A

Dead space air

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20
Q

volume of air that can be inhaled after max exhale

A

Vital capacity (VC)

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21
Q

IRV + TV + ERV =

A

VC

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22
Q

volume of air in body at end of passive exhalation

A

Functional reserve capacity (FRC)

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23
Q

Total Lung Capacity (TLC) is the sum of ___

A

inspiratory reserve, tidal volume, expir. reserve vol, and resid vol

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24
Q

max insp. volume possible after tidal expiration

A

Inspiratory capacity (IC)

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25
Q

IRV is short for

A

inspiratory reserve volume

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26
Q

TV is short for

A

tidal volume

27
Q

ERV is short for

A

expiratory reserve volume

28
Q

RV is short for

A

residual volume

29
Q

IC is short for

A

inspiratory capacity

30
Q

FRC is short for

A

functional residual capacity

31
Q

VC is short for

A

vital capacity

32
Q

TLC is short for

A

total lung capacity

33
Q

average vital capacity for adult

A

4 L

34
Q

average total lung capacity for an adult

A

5 L

35
Q

As people pass middle age, their ability to ____ decreases

A

inspire

36
Q

___ increases as a person goes through their adult life

A

RV

37
Q

Vital capacity starts to decline gradually after age __

A

25

38
Q

5 pressures of respiratory system

A

Alveolar
Intrapleural
Subglottal
Intraoral
Atmospheric

39
Q

pressure exerted by weight of atmosphere

A

Atmospheric pressure

40
Q

pressure measured at level of alveolus in lung

A

Alveolar/pulmonic pressure

41
Q

During normal breathing, __, __ and __ pressures are the same

A

alveolar, intraoral and subglottal

42
Q

pressure in pleural cavity

A

Intrapleural pressure

43
Q

___ pressure is negative throughout respiration

A

intrapleural

44
Q

As a person breathes in, the pressure in their bodies become ____ relative to the atmospheric pressure

A

negative

45
Q

During quiet tidal respiration, P(al) = ___ on inspiration and ___ on expiration

A

-2 cm H2O; +2 cm H2O

46
Q

Intrapleural pressure __ on inhale, __ on exhale

A

Decreases; increases

47
Q

When vocal folds close, it results in an _____ in subglottal pressure, and a ____ in intraoral pressure

A

increase; decrease

48
Q

Transglottal pressure has to get higher than __ cm H2O for phonation to happen

A

3-5

49
Q

using muscles of inspiration to prevent exhaling as quickly has you would normally

A

Checking action

50
Q

what are the four stages of ventilation

A

1) pulmonary ventilation
2) external respiration
3) transportation
4) internal respiration

51
Q

O2 and CO2 exchanged between lungs and blood at alveoli is called

A

external respiration

52
Q

In respiration, the movement of O2 and CO2 in blood is called

A

transportation

53
Q

CO2 and O2 exchanged in systemic blood vessels and tissue is stage called

A

internal respiration

54
Q

how does elasticity help return body to normal state in respiration?

A

lungs will naturally want to go back to normal state

55
Q

how does torque help return body to normal state in respiration?

A

twisting of ribs - torque wants to bring it back

56
Q

how does gravity help in respiration

A

gravity is pulling abdominal viscera down (helps with inspiration), and rib cage down (aids in expiration)

57
Q

what is COPD?

A

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

58
Q

In speech breathing, we use about ___ of VC when inhaling and ___ of VC when exhaling

A

40%, 60%

59
Q

Three common causes of COPD

A

1) emphysema
2) chronic bronchitis
3) asthma

60
Q

When internal pressure > atmospheric pressure, that pressure is ___

A

positive

61
Q

When internal pressure < atmospheric pressure, that pressure is ___

A

negative

62
Q

in lung measurements, something that is a ___ is a single section of air

A

volume

63
Q

in lung measurements, something that is a ____ is a combination of air sections

A

capacity

A&P of Speech and Hearing (8 decks)

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