Respiration Physiology

Question 1

what is the goal of respiration?

Answer 1

getting O2 to blood and getting rid of CO2 waste

Question 2

Adults have about ____ to ___ respiratory cycles/min

Answer 2

12-18

Question 3

1 inspiration + 1 expiration = 1 ___

Answer 3

cycle of respiration

Question 4

Tidal respiration = ____ mL (___ L) of air each cycle

Answer 4

500; 1/2

Question 5

Term for volume of air involved in 1 min of respiration

Answer 5

Minute volume

Question 6

In the respiratory cycle, the movement of air into lungs is called ___

Answer 6

Ventilation

Question 7

young children breathe __-__x more than adults because their lungs completely fill their thorax

Answer 7

2-3

Question 8

Alveoli growth increases until age __, when there are __ million alveoli (adult amount)

Answer 8

8; 300

Question 9

The lungs primarily grow because the ___ grows faster and stretches them

Answer 9

rib cage

Question 10

air in an adult’s lungs that can’t be expelled

Answer 10

Residual volume (RV)

Question 11

Respiration rates on the upper side of adult amount (18) at age __

Answer 11

10

Question 12

1 mL = ___ cubic centimenter

Answer 12

1

Question 13

volume of air exchanged during one unconscious cycle of respiration

Answer 13

Tidal volume (TV)

Question 14

volume of air that can be inhaled after tidal inspiration

Answer 14

Inspiratory reserve volume (IRV)

Question 15

In physiology, it’s not inhaling, it’s

Answer 15

inspiration

Question 16

In physiology, it’s not exhaling, it’s

Answer 16

expiration

Question 17

volume of air that can be expired following passive, tidal expiration

Answer 17

Expiratory reserve volume (ERV)

Question 18

another name for expiratory reserve volume

Answer 18

Resting Lung Volume

Question 19

part of residual volume, specifically the stuff within passageways that can’t be involved in gas exchange

Answer 19

Dead space air

Question 20

volume of air that can be inhaled after max exhale

Answer 20

Vital capacity (VC)

Question 21

IRV + TV + ERV =

Answer 21

VC

Question 22

volume of air in body at end of passive exhalation

Answer 22

Functional reserve capacity (FRC)

Question 23

Total Lung Capacity (TLC) is the sum of ___

Answer 23

inspiratory reserve, tidal volume, expir. reserve vol, and resid vol

Question 24

max insp. volume possible after tidal expiration

Answer 24

Inspiratory capacity (IC)

Question 25

IRV is short for

Answer 25

inspiratory reserve volume

Question 26

TV is short for

Answer 26

tidal volume

Question 27

ERV is short for

Answer 27

expiratory reserve volume

Question 28

RV is short for

Answer 28

residual volume

Question 29

IC is short for

Answer 29

inspiratory capacity

Question 30

FRC is short for

Answer 30

functional residual capacity

Question 31

VC is short for

Answer 31

vital capacity

Question 32

TLC is short for

Answer 32

total lung capacity

Question 33

average vital capacity for adult

Answer 33

4 L

Question 34

average total lung capacity for an adult

Answer 34

5 L

Question 35

As people pass middle age, their ability to ____ decreases

Answer 35

inspire

Question 36

___ increases as a person goes through their adult life

Answer 36

RV

Question 37

Vital capacity starts to decline gradually after age __

Answer 37

25

Question 38

5 pressures of respiratory system

Answer 38

Alveolar Intrapleural Subglottal Intraoral Atmospheric

Question 39

pressure exerted by weight of atmosphere

Answer 39

Atmospheric pressure

Question 40

pressure measured at level of alveolus in lung

Answer 40

Alveolar/pulmonic pressure

Question 41

During normal breathing, __, __ and __ pressures are the same

Answer 41

alveolar, intraoral and subglottal

Question 42

pressure in pleural cavity

Answer 42

Intrapleural pressure

Question 43

___ pressure is negative throughout respiration

Answer 43

intrapleural

Question 44

As a person breathes in, the pressure in their bodies become ____ relative to the atmospheric pressure

Answer 44

negative

Question 45

During quiet tidal respiration, P(al) = ___ on inspiration and ___ on expiration

Answer 45

-2 cm H2O; +2 cm H2O

Question 46

Intrapleural pressure __ on inhale, __ on exhale

Answer 46

Decreases; increases

Question 47

When vocal folds close, it results in an _____ in subglottal pressure, and a ____ in intraoral pressure

Answer 47

increase; decrease

Question 48

Transglottal pressure has to get higher than __ cm H2O for phonation to happen

Answer 48

3-5

Question 49

using muscles of inspiration to prevent exhaling as quickly has you would normally

Answer 49

Checking action

Question 50

what are the four stages of ventilation

Answer 50

1) pulmonary ventilation 2) external respiration 3) transportation 4) internal respiration

Question 51

O2 and CO2 exchanged between lungs and blood at alveoli is called

Answer 51

external respiration

Question 52

In respiration, the movement of O2 and CO2 in blood is called

Answer 52

transportation

Question 53

CO2 and O2 exchanged in systemic blood vessels and tissue is stage called

Answer 53

internal respiration

Question 54

how does elasticity help return body to normal state in respiration?

Answer 54

lungs will naturally want to go back to normal state

Question 55

how does torque help return body to normal state in respiration?

Answer 55

twisting of ribs - torque wants to bring it back

Question 56

how does gravity help in respiration

Answer 56

gravity is pulling abdominal viscera down (helps with inspiration), and rib cage down (aids in expiration)

Question 57

what is COPD?

Answer 57

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

Question 58

In speech breathing, we use about ___ of VC when inhaling and ___ of VC when exhaling

Answer 58

40%, 60%

Question 59

Three common causes of COPD

Answer 59

1) emphysema 2) chronic bronchitis 3) asthma

Question 60

When internal pressure > atmospheric pressure, that pressure is ___

Answer 60

positive

Question 61

When internal pressure < atmospheric pressure, that pressure is ___

Answer 61

negative

Question 62

in lung measurements, something that is a ___ is a single section of air

Answer 62

volume

Question 63

in lung measurements, something that is a ____ is a combination of air sections

Answer 63

capacity