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A&P of Speech and Hearing > Intro > Flashcards

Intro Flashcards

1
Q

Anatomy

A

study of structure (morphology) of body part

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2
Q

Physiology

A

study functions of body parts and how they interact

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3
Q

section of body that does not include limbs

A

axial

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4
Q

axis of the brain

A

neuraxis

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5
Q

section of the body that includes limbs and pelvic girdle

A

appendicular

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6
Q

anatomic word for back

A

Dorsal

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7
Q

Two anatomical words for front

A

ventral or anterior

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8
Q

a body plane where you divide the front half (anterior) part of body from posterior part (2 names)

A

frontal or coronal

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9
Q

a body plane where you divide the right side from the left

A

sagittal

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10
Q

a body plan where you divide horizontally

A

transverse

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11
Q

meaning “toward the head”

A

rostral

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12
Q

farther from attachment site (limbs only)

A

distal

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13
Q

close to attachment site (limbs only)

A

proximal

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14
Q

meaning “on the belly”

A

prone or pronate

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15
Q

meaning “on the back”

A

supine or supinate

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16
Q

away from midline

A

lateral

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17
Q

closer to midline

A

medial

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18
Q

bending at joint, usually towards ventral surface

A

flexion

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19
Q

act of two ends pulling farther apart

A

extension

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20
Q

extending joint too far

A

Hyperextension or dorsiflexion

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21
Q

another word for hyperextension

A

dorsiflexion

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22
Q

two parts of skull

A

cranial and facial

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23
Q

what is the cranial portion of the skull?

A

part that houses brain

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24
Q

Four major tissues in body

A
  1. Muscle
  2. Connective
  3. Epithelial
  4. Nervous
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25
Q

type of loose connective tissue important in binding

A

areolar

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26
Q

tissue aggregation that bind bone to bone

A

ligament

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27
Q

tissue aggregate that attaches muscle to bone or cartilage

A

tendon

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28
Q

what are the five bodily speech systems?

A

RPARN

Respiratory
Phonatory
Articulatory
Resonatory
Nervous

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29
Q

words that are named after the person who discovered them

A

Eponym

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30
Q

type of anatomy with diagnosis and treatment

A

applied or clinical

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31
Q

type of anatomy that relates indiv. parts of body to functional systems

A

descriptive

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32
Q

type of anatomy that studies of structures not visible without amplification

A

microscopic

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33
Q

type of anatomy that studies of structures visible to naked eye

A

gross

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34
Q

type of anatomy that examines growth and develop of organism

A

developmental

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35
Q

type of anatomy that studies disease and structural abnormalities

A

pathological

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36
Q

three sinuses in the head

A

frontal
maxillary
sphenoid

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37
Q

another word for posterior

A

dorsal

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38
Q

another term for superior

A

cranial

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39
Q

another word for inferior

A

caudal

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40
Q

a plane where the body is divided into equal right and left sections

A

midsagittal

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41
Q

anatomical term for sole of foot

A

plantar

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42
Q

anatomical term for palm of hand

A

palmar

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43
Q

anatomical term for “same side”

A

ipsi

44
Q

anatomical term for “opposite side”

A

contra

45
Q

study of tissue

A

histology

46
Q

what are 5 places can you find epithelial tissue?

A
  1. skin
  2. organ linings
  3. outer layer mucous membranes
  4. inner lining of blood vessels
  5. inner lining lymph vessels
47
Q

which three cavities to mesothelial tissues line?

A

peritoneal, pleural and pericardial

48
Q

which type of tissue has ECM?

A

connective

49
Q

what are the three functions of connective tissue?

A

support, protect and provide structure

50
Q

blood is a type of ___ tissue

A

connective

51
Q

bones are a type of ___ tissue

A

connective

52
Q

this type of connective tissue is supportive tissue and compact - found between muscles and organs

A

areolar

53
Q

this type of connective tissue has fat cells

A

adipose

54
Q

special connective tissue found in tonsils and adenoids

A

Lymphoid

55
Q

this type of connective tissue is special because both strong and elastic

A

cartilage

56
Q

this type of connective tissue is dense, strong, organized; in ligaments and muscle incasing

A

white fibrous

57
Q

this type of connective tissue is where connective tissue has to return to orig shape after swelling, like trachea/bronchial passageway

A

yellow elastic

58
Q

these help with wound repair, secrete proteins

A

fibroblasts

59
Q

these cells monch dead tissue

A

Macrophages

60
Q

these cells secrete antibodies and defend against viruses

A

lymphocytes

61
Q

these cells are the first response to inflammation

A

mast

62
Q

three types of muscle tissue

A

striated, smooth, cardiac

63
Q

these types of muscle tissues are involuntary

A

smooth and cardiac

64
Q

this type of muscle tissue is voluntary

A

skeletal

65
Q

term for bringing together

A

adduction

66
Q

term for bringing apart

A

abduction

67
Q

sheet-like membrane surrounding organs

A

fascia

68
Q

tissue aggregate that attaches muscle to bone or cartilage

A

Tendon

69
Q

joints are classified by their level of

A

mobility

70
Q

type of joint that is not supposed to rotate or move

A

synarthrodial or fibrous

71
Q

joints with limited mobility

A

Amphiarthrodial

72
Q

most flexible type of joint

A

diathrodial or synovial

73
Q

cranial nerve with sense of touch on face, controls many chewing muscles

A

V - trigeminal

74
Q

Nerves that have to do with sensing

A

afferent

75
Q

Nerves having to do with motor control

A

efferent

76
Q

cranial nerve with motor for face muscles, tearing, sublingual and submandibular glands. Senes ear canal and skin of outer ear as well as taste for front of tongue

A

VII - facial

77
Q

cranial nerve that mediates sense of sound from cochlea to brain stem, balance

A

VIII - vestibulocochlear/auditory

78
Q

cranial nerve with taste for back of tongue and upper pharynx, sense for ear, swallow, gag and vomit reflexes (both)

A

IX - glossopharyngeal

79
Q

cranial nerve that controls laryngeal muscle and sense larynx, pharynx, trachea, esophagus, thorax, abdomen

A

X - vagus

80
Q

cranial nerve that controls motor of internal larynx muscles, innervates two muscles associated with respiration

A

XI - accessory

81
Q

a projection from a structure is called a ___

A

process

82
Q

small, rounded point of a bone is called a

A

tubercle

83
Q

movement that decreases angle between two body parts

A

flexion

84
Q

these type of joints involves sliding over surfaces

A

plane ✈️

85
Q

ball and socket joints are also known as ___

A

spheroid or cotyloid joints

86
Q

this type of joint is football-shaped

A

ellipsoid

87
Q

this joint is also known as the “pivot” joint

A

Hint - T in pivot stands for trochoid

trochoid

88
Q

this is another name for saddle joints

A

Hint - let’s sell our saddles

sellar

89
Q

this is another name for hinge joint

A

Hint - laughing door, silly name

ginglymus

90
Q

this type of joint is a shallow bone socket - like ball and socket but not as deep

A

condylar

91
Q

this is another name for fibrous joint

A

Hint: sinner - no mercy!

synarthrodial

92
Q

this type of fibrous joint is not intended to move at all

A

suture

93
Q

this type of fibrous joint is bound by fibrous ligaments

A

Hint - Moses the spider 🕷️

syndesmosis

94
Q

this type of suture is what the teeth fit into

A

Hint - sounds like gums

gomphosis

95
Q

joints are classified by these two things:

A

type of tissue
degree of movement

96
Q

Three types of tissue that can be in joints

A

fibrous
cartilaginous
synovial

97
Q

three types of joint by movement

A

Hint - how far can you THROW

synarthrosis (immoveable)
amphiarthrosis (slightly)
diarthrosis (freely)

98
Q

two types of cartilaginous joints

A

synchondroses
symphyses

99
Q

in synchondroses, bones are connected via ____ cartilage

A

hyaline

100
Q

example of a symphyses joint

A

joints between vertebrae

101
Q

six main types of synovial joints

A

1) hinge
2) saddle
3) plane
4) pivot
5) condyloid
6) ball and socket

102
Q

example of hinge joint

A

knee

103
Q

example of saddle joint

A

sternoclavicular

104
Q

example of plane joint

A

metacarpals in hand

105
Q

example of pivot joint

A

joint in neck that allows turning (between C1 and C2)

106
Q

example of saddle joint

A

incus and malleus in middle ear

107
Q

example condylar joint

A

larynx

A&P of Speech and Hearing (19 decks)

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