Respiration Anatomy Flashcards
definition of respiration
exchange of gas between organism and environment
name for process of breathing in
inspiration
name for process of breathing out
expiration
where gas exchange happens
alveoli
area of the torso bound by the ribs
thorax
what is Boyle’s law?
if temperature kept same, increasing volume of chamber results in decrease of pressure
bony structure made of vertebrae that houses the spinal cord
Vertebral column
what are the five divisions of the vertebral column
cervical
thoracic
lumbar
sacral
coccygeal
How many vertebrae does each sections of the vertebral have?
Cervical = 7
Thoracic = 12
Lumbar = 5
Sacral = 5 (but fused into one)
Coccygeal = n/a - coccyx
holes in vertebrae where arteries, veins and spinal cord pass through
Foramen or foramina (plural)
sticky-outy part at the “top” of a vertebrae (in practice most posterior part)
Spinous process
sticky-outy parts of “bottom” part of vertebrae (in practice most medial part)
Transverse process
what are the first two cervical vertebrae called?
atlas and axis
main body of vertebrae
Corpus
cervical vertebrae
atlas
axis
Axis hooks into atlas through ____ process
odontoid (dens)
these vertebrae attach to the ribs
thoracic
thoracic vertebrae
lumbar vertebrae
sacrum
coccyx
where lower extremities attach to axial skeleton
pelvic girdle
ilium
superior portion of girdle; provides most of support for abdominal muscles
ilium
point where pubic bones meet is called pubic ___
symphysis
pubic bone
parts of spine that are also part of pelvic girdle
sacrum and coccyx
ischium
where upper extremities attach to axial skeleton
pectoral girdle
two bones of pectoral girdle
clavicle and scapula
there are ______ ribs in the thoracic cage
12
part of rib that articulates with spine
head and tubercle
5 parts of rib
head
neck
tubercle
angle
shaft
three types of ribs
true, false and floating
ribs attach to the sternum through ____ portion of rib
chondral
difference between false and true ribs
true = attach to sternum
false = attach to bigger cartilage that merges multiple ribs to sternum
top bone in the sternum
Father (man) son and holy spirit
MANubrium
middle portion of sternum
body
bottom part of the sternum
xiphoid process
inner cartilaginous edge at bronchial division; important for coughing reflex
carnia
Trachea divides to become left and right __ __
mainstem bronchi
secondary branches of bronchial tree, supply lungs
Lobar
third set of branches, branch off of lobar
Tertiary
last branches of bronchial tree that connect to alveoli
Terminal respiratory bronchioles
the lungs have ___ lobes each
3
the left lung’s middle lobe, the _____, is much smaller than the right’s because of the heart
lingula
the lining covering the lungs is called the
visceral pleurae
the lining covering the thorax is called the
parietal pleurae
space between visceral and parietal pleurae that provides lubrication
pleural cavity
The lungs move with the movement of the thorax due to the ____
visceral pleura’s attachment to the parietal pleura
inspiration that involves both diaphragm and accessory muscles
Forced inspiration
inspiration that involves minimal muscular activity
quiet inspiration
respiration that happens during periods of low respiratory activity
quiet tidal inspriation
relatively mobile point of attachment for a muscle
insertion
point of attachment for a muscle, attachment has relatively little movement
origin
what is the Kinetic Theory of Gases?
When volume and temp are constant, force of pressure exerted on walls of a container directly proportional to # of molecules inside
