Neuroanatomy - Cerebrovascular, Nerves, Spinal Cord

Question 1

Answer 1

internal carotid artery

Question 2

Answer 2

middle cerebral artery

Question 3

Answer 3

ant cerebral artery

Question 4

This brain artery moves through the top of the corpus callosum

Answer 4

anterior cerebral artery

Question 5

This brain artery moves through lateral fissure

Answer 5

middle cerebral

Question 6

Answer 6

vertebral artery

Question 7

Answer 7

basilar artery

Question 8

the ___ artery splits into left and right portions starting at the medulla oblongata, then rejoin and become the ___ artery

Answer 8

vertebral; basilar

Question 9

Answer 9

superior cerebellar

Question 10

Answer 10

ant inf cerebellar

Question 11

Answer 11

post cerebral

Question 12

Two main arteries that start the arteries to brain

Answer 12

internal carotid; vertebral arteries (and then basilar)

Question 13

Linking point between arteries at base of brain, circles optic chasm

Answer 13

Circle of Willis

Question 14

The circle of willis has the anterior and posterior ___ and ___ arteries, as well as the internal ___ arteries

Answer 14

communicating; cerebral; internal

Question 15

name, sup to inf

Answer 15

ant cerebral
middle cerebral
post cerebral
basilar

Question 16

name, sup to inf

Answer 16

ant communicating
internal carotid
post communicating

Question 17

this pyramidal descending tract controls voluntary mvt of body/limbs

Answer 17

corticospinal

Question 18

this pyramidal descending tract controls voluntary mvt of head/neck/swallowing

Answer 18

corticobulbar

Question 19

Types of nerves that sense things

Answer 19

afferent

Question 20

Types of nerves that instruct body part to do things

Answer 20

efferent

Question 21

what do somatic sensors pick up?

Answer 21

pain
temp
mechanical stimulation
tactile sense

Question 22

a bunch of single-nerve fibers bundled together that have functional unity

Answer 22

tracts

Question 23

The spinal cord begins at the __ __ and extends for about ___ cm

Answer 23

foramen magnum; 46

Question 24

End of the spinal cord is __ __ at the ___ ___ vertebrae, which eventually joins with the __ __ to become the coccygeal ligament

Answer 24

conus medullaris; 1st lumbar; dural tube

Question 25

There are a total of ___ pairs of spinal nerves

Answer 25

31

Question 26

of spinal nerves by vertebral type

Answer 26

8 pairs of cervical spinal nerves
12 pairs of thoracic nerves
5 pairs of lumbar nerves
5 pairs sacral
1 pair coccygeal

Question 27

network of nerves that physically communicates with other nerves

Answer 27

plexus

Question 28

The spinal cord has both __ and __ nerves

Answer 28

afferent; efferent

Question 29

the middle of the spinal column has the __ __, which is continuous with the ___ ventricle

Answer 29

central canal; 4th

Question 30

the spinal cord has a giant indentation on the anterior side called the __ __ __

Answer 30

anterior median fissure

Question 31

the spinal cord has a slight indentation on the posterior side called the __ __ __

Answer 31

posterior median sulcus

Question 32

the spinal cord has small indentations lateral to the anterior median fissure called the __ __ __

Answer 32

anterior lateral sulcus

Question 33

__ root fibers carry sensory info into the spinal cord on the __ side

Answer 33

dorsal; posterior

Question 34

__ root fibers carry motor commands out of the spinal cord on the __ side

Answer 34

ventral; anterior

Question 35

Dorsal and ventral roots combine to form a __ __, then divide again to form dorsal and ventral ramis

Answer 35

spinal nerve

Question 36

REFLEX ARC

Specific neuron in ventral gray matter + axon/components that communicate with muscle fiber =

Answer 36

final common pathway/lower motor neuron (LMN)

Question 37

basic stimulus response system of nervous system

Answer 37

Segmental spinal reflex arc

Question 38

What is the purpose of the reflex arc?

Answer 38

Muscle have to maintain certain length for posture - muscle spindles help nervous system sense this and adapt as needed

Question 39

Efferent fibers descending from upper brain levels, bring commands to activate/inhibit muscle functions by connecting to LMN

Answer 39

upper motor neurons (UMN)

Question 40

this spinal tract goes from cortex to spine, innervates skeletal muscle, responsible for inhibiting reflexes

Answer 40

corticospinal

Question 41

this tract is NOT a spinal tract, but very important for speech because it merges with cranial nerves to give bilateral innervation to the head, face, neck and larynx

Answer 41

corticobulbar