Respiration -Lab Flashcards
In a healthy individual, what is the % of lung volume expired in 1 second?
70%
What is the FEV1/FVC ratio in a healthy person?
FEV1/FVC ratio>70%
What is the FEV1/FVC ratio in a person with obstructive respiratory disease like asthma, and what does it mean?
FEV1/FVC ratio<70% - less than 70% of lung volume expired in 1 second.
What is the FEV1/FVC ratio in a person with restrictive respiratory disease like neuromuscular disease, and what does it mean?
FEV1/FVC ratio>70% - lung volume (FVC) smaller,
values usually 80% or less of healthy individual.
What are obstructive respiratory diseases?
diseases relating to a narrowed air tube, more effort and pressure during exhalation
cannot get the air out
What are restrictive respiratory diseases?
difficulity taking air inside the lung due to a reduction in lung volume i.e stiffing of chest wall or lung tissue
cannot get air in i.e. restricted from filling
What is FEV1?
Forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1): the volume breathed out in the first second at maximal speed after a full inspiration.
What is the function of the FEV1/ FVC ration?
The FEV1/FVC ratio is an important indicator of lung function and is commonly used to diagnose and monitor lung diseases
What are examples of obstructive lung diseases?
bronchial asthma
COPD
What is Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)?
COPD is a condition in which airflow is obstructed.
COPD encompases emphysema and chronic bronchitis.
Long term smoking most frequent cause.
What are symptoms of COPD?
Chronic cough
Chest tightness
Shortness of breath
Increased mucous production
What is emphysema?
Structures in alveoli over inflated.
Lungs loose elasticity
Patients can inhale but exhalation is difficult due to decreased elastic recoil.
(obstructive)
What is chronic bronchitis?
Inflammation of bronchi causing mucous production and excessive swelling.
Shortness of breath with mild exertion.
Chest infections more prevalent.
(obstructive)
What are examples of restrictive pulmonary diseases?
chest wall deformity
pulmonary fibrosis
sarcoidosis
neuromuscular diseases
What is sarcoidosis?
small lumps of inflammatory cells in the lungs.
