Respiration Biochem Flashcards
First molecule in the Citric Acid Cycle
Citrate
Formed from dehydration of Citrate in CAC
Isocitrate
Formed from oxidation and decarboxylation of Isocitrate in CAC
alpha-ketoglutarate
Formed from oxidation and decarboxylation of alpha-ketoglutarate in CAC
Succinyl CoA
Formed after Succinyl CoA phosphorylates GDP to GTP in CAC
Succinate
Formed after FAD oxidizes Succinate in CAC
Fumarate
Formed by hydrolysis of Fumarate in CAC
Malate
Formed by oxidation of Malate in CAC
Oxaloacetate
Substrate that reacts with Acetyl CoA in CAC
Oxaloacetate
Oxidized, decarboxylized, and reacted with Coenzyme A to form acetyl coA
Pyruvate
Formed from phosphorylation of Glucose in Glycolysis
Glucose-6-phosphate
Phosphoglucoisomerase forms this from glucose-6-phosphate in Glycolysis
Fructose-6-phosphate
Phosphofructokinase forms this from phosphorylating fructose-6-phosphate in Glycolysis
Fructose-1,6-bisphosphate
Aldolase forms both of these from cleaving Fructose-1,6-bisphosphate in Glycolysis
Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate and Dihydroxyacetone phosphate
Taken up in first step of energy payoff phase in Glycolysis
Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate
Isomerase catalyzes interconversion between what two compounds in glycolysis
Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate and Dihydroxyacetone phosphate
Forms from oxidation of G3P in glycolysis by Triose phosphate dehydrogenase
1,3-Bisphosphoglycerate
Forms from substrate level phosphorylation by phosphoglycerolkinase of 1,3-Bisphosphoglycerate
3-Phosphoglycerate
Phosphoglyceromutase forms this from 3-Phosphoglycerate in glycolysis
2-Phosphoglycerate
Enolase forms this from 2-Phosphoglycerate in glycolysis
Phosphoenyl pyruvate
Pyruvate kinase forms this from Phosphoenyl pyruvate
Pyruvate
Net number of ATP from glycolysis
2
Number of ATP from citric acid cycle
2
Number of ATP from oxidative phosphorylation
26-28
Efficiency of respiration
34%
NADH enters this complex in ETC
Complex 1
FADH2 enters this complex in ETC
Complex 2
1st molecule in Complex 1
Flavoprotein
2nd molecule in Complex 1
Iron sulfur protein
1st molecule in Complex 2
Iron sulfur protein
molecule after complex 1 and 2
Ubiquinone/Coenzyme Q
Number of molecules in complex 3
3
Molecule between complex 3 and 4
Cytochrome C
Number of molecules in complex 4
2
most molecules in ETC after ubiquinone
Cytochromes
Converted to ethanol in fermentation
acetaldehyde