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Fungi Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

modified hyphae that extract nutrients from plants

A

haustoria

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2
Q

cell walls separating cells in hyphae

A

septae

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3
Q

fungi lacking septae

A

coenocytic fungi

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4
Q

formation of mycelium from spores

A

germination

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5
Q

Hyphae cells fuse when they meet during sexual reproduction

A

plasmogamy

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6
Q

between plasmogamy and fusion of nuclei

A

heterokaryotic phase

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7
Q

when only two nuclei engage in plasmogamy to form each heterokaryon

A

dikaryotic phase

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8
Q

fusion of nuclei

A

karyogamy

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9
Q

formed by karyogamy

A

zygote

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10
Q

grade of all fungi lacking sexual reproduction

A

Deuteromycetes

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11
Q

close relatives of fungi; amoebas that feed on algae and bacteria

A

nucleariids

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12
Q

earliest-diverging lineages of fungi

A

chytrids

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13
Q

fungi that do not synthesize a chitin-rich cell wall during any of their life cycle stages; controversial grouping

A

cryptomycota

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14
Q

unique spores in chytrids that are flagellated

A

zoospores

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15
Q

Fast growing molds, parasites, commensalists on animals

A

zygomycota

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16
Q

extensions of hyphae in zygomycotan sexual reproduction

A

gametangia

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17
Q

form from merging of gametangia during plasmogamy

A

zygosporangium

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18
Q

forms spores in zygomycota

A

sporangium

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19
Q

zygomycota genus that can shoot spores in water, aiming its Sporangium toward light

A

Pilobolus

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20
Q

white bread mold species

A

Rhizopus stolonifer

21
Q

location of septa in Rhizopus stolonifer

A

only reproductive cells

22
Q

nearly all of them form arbuscular mycorrhizae

A

Glomeromycota

23
Q

Sac Fungi

A

Ascomycota

24
Q

branches of mycelia for asexual reproduction in ascomycota

A

conidiophore

25
Q

asexual spores in ascomycota

A

conidia

26
Q

plasmogamy produces these in ascomycota

A

dikaryotic ascus

27
Q

karyogamy occurs here in ascomycota

A

ascus

28
Q

number of ascospores per ascus

A

8

29
Q

fruiting bodies containing the spore-forming asci

A

ascocarp

30
Q

club fungus

A

basidiomycota

31
Q

contains rusts and smuts

A

basidiomycota

32
Q

best at decomposing lignin

A

basidiomycota

33
Q

elaborate fruiting bodies in basidiomycota

A

Basidiocarps

34
Q

basidiomycota cell in which karyogamy occurs, followed immediately by meiosis; sheltered by basidiocarp cap

A

basidia

35
Q

most endophytes

A

ascomycota

36
Q

most lichens

A

ascomycota

37
Q

small reproductive clusters of hyphae with embedded algae

A

soredia

38
Q

causes Chestnut blight

A

Cryphonectria parasitica; ascomycete fungus

39
Q

causes pine pitch canker

A

Ascomycete - Fusarium circinatum

40
Q

causes ergot

A

Ascomycete - Claviceps purpurea

41
Q

caused recent decline or extinction of about 200 species of frogs and other amphibians

A

chytrid Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis

42
Q

general term for an infection in an animal by a fungal parasite

A

mycosis

43
Q

causes ringworm

A

ascomycota

44
Q

ringworm on the foot

A

athlete’s foot

45
Q

systemic mycosis that produces tuberculosis-like symptoms in the lungs

A

coccidioidomycosis

46
Q

causes yeast infections

A

Candida albicans

47
Q

many strains of baker’s yeast and brewer’s yeast

A

Saccharomyces cerevisiae

48
Q

ascomycete that can grow on wood or agricultural waste and that naturally produces hydrocarbons similar to those in diesel fuel

A

Gliocladium roseum

49
Q

makes penicillin

A

ascomycete mold Penicillium

Bio (23 decks)

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