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Genes Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

responsible for x methylation in barr bodies

A

XIST

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2
Q

required for the development of testes

A

SRY

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3
Q

promotes ovary development

A

WNT4

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4
Q

Chromosome location of WNT4

A

Autosome 1

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5
Q

Chromosome location of SRY

A

Y

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6
Q

Chromosome location of XIST

A

X

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7
Q

Formed from chromosome 22 after exchange of a large portion for small fragment from a tip of chromosome 9

A

Philadelphia Chromosome

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8
Q

imprinted gene for mouse gene for insulin-like growth factor 2 (Igf2)

A

paternal

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9
Q

Sickle cell mutation

A

Valine for glutamate in Beta globin

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10
Q

operon controls tryptophan production by coordinately controlled enzymes in E. coli

A

Trp

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11
Q

Regulatory gene for Trp

A

trpR

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12
Q

Trp operon type

A

repressible

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13
Q

operon involved in lactose metabolism in E. coli

A

lac

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14
Q

lac type of operon

A

inducible

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15
Q

3 genes in lac operon

A

lac Z, lac Y, lac A

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16
Q

lac gene that codes for a permease, the membrane protein that transports lactose into the cell

A

lac Y

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17
Q

lac gene that codes for transacetylase, an enzyme that detoxifies other molecules entering the cell via the permease

A

lac A

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18
Q

lac gene for β-galactosidase

A

lac Z

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19
Q

gene near the lac operon that codes for a repressor of lac operon

A

lac I

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20
Q

master regulatory gene for muscle cells

A

myoD

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21
Q

regulatory genes that control pattern formation in the late embryo, larva, and adult

A

homeotic genes

22
Q

when mutant in the mother, results in a mutant phenotype in the offspring, regardless of the offspring’s own genotype

A

maternal effect genes

23
Q

maternal effect genes that determine orientation of the egg and therefore the fly

A

egg polarity genes

24
Q

Mutations in this egg polarity gene leads to two tails and no head

A

bicoid gene

25
Q

named for rat sarcoma, a connective tissue cancer; Encodes a G protein that relays a signal from a growth factor receptor on the plasma membrane to a cascade of protein kinases

A

ras proto-oncogene

26
Q

named for the 53,000-dalton molecular weight of its protein product; encodes a specific transcription factor that promotes the synthesis of cell cycle–inhibiting proteins so mutations can promote rapid cell growth

A

p53

27
Q

product halts the cell cycle by binding to cyclin dependent kinases, allowing time for DNA repair; activated by p53

A

p21

28
Q

tumor suppressor gene often knocked out in colorectal cancer polyps; regulates cell migration and adhesion

A

adenomatous polyposis coli(APC)

29
Q

tumor suppressor gene mutations associated with increased susceptibility to breast cancer; deal with DNA repair

A

BRCA1 and BRCA2

30
Q

codes for eye development and has been substituted in mice and frogs for that in flies

A

Pax-6 gene

31
Q

10% of the human genome; shorter than most functional transposable elements

A

Alu elements

32
Q

Retrotransposon; 17% of human genome; More active in developing brain cells

A

LINE-1

33
Q

vital for language in humans

A

FOXP2

34
Q

180 nucleotide sequence found in all homeotic genes of drosophila

A

Homeobox

35
Q

homeotic genes in animals

A

Hox genes

36
Q

hox gene in insects that suppresses leg formation where it is expressed

A

Ubx

37
Q

provide positional information in an animal embryo

A

hox genes

38
Q

genes that control the spatial organization of body parts

A

homeotic gene

39
Q

three plant genes whose expression is required for the formation of mycorrhizae in flowering plants

A

sym genes

40
Q

differential expression of this homeotic gene is needed for proper distribution of root hairs

A

GLABRA-2

41
Q

mutant of Arabidopsis where establishment of polarity is defective

A

gnom mutant

42
Q

maize’s homolog of Hox genes; involved in leaf morpholog

A

KNOTTED-1

43
Q

affects the number and placement of plant organs

A

MADS-box

44
Q

switched on in the two outer whorls (sepals and petals)

A

A gene

45
Q

switched on in the two middle whorls (petals and stamens)

A

B gene

46
Q

switched on in the two inner whorls (stamens and carpels)

A

C gene

47
Q

from only gene A

A

sepals

48
Q

from genes A and B

A

petals

49
Q

from genes B and C

A

stamens

50
Q

from only gene C

A

carpal

Bio (23 decks)

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