Respiration (aerobic and anaerobic) Flashcards
is respiration exo or endothermic?
exothermic
what is the word equation for aerobic respiration?
glucose +oxygen ——> water + carbon dioxide (energy)
what is the balanced symbol equation?
602 + C6 H12 06 ——-> 6H2O + 6CO2
were does aerobic respiration occur?
in the mitochondria of all body cells
how are the mitochondria specialised?
they have a double membrane
the inner membrane of which increases their surface area
what is aerobic respiration?
the complete breakdown of glucose in the presence of oxygen to release energy
which is more effcient anaerobic or aerobic respiration?
aerobic
what is needed for respiration to take place?
enzymes
why do we need the energy from aerobic respiration?
-to allow muscles to contract for movement in mammals
-mammals and birds need the energy to maintain their body temperature in colder surroundings
-to build larger molecules from smaller ones
what are the effects of excercise on the body?
the heart rate increases
the rate of breathing increases
the depth of breathing increases
what do the effects of excercise do to the rest of the body?
it means more blood flows to the heart which increases the supply of oxygen and glucose to the muscle cells so that they can respire more to release more energy
for more muscle contraction and movement. More CO2 is also removed.
what can a build up of CO2 do to the enzymesin your blood?
the CO2 can dissolve in your blood making it acidic which can denature your enzymes
what is the word equation for anaerobic respiration?
glucose ——-> lactic acid (energy)
when is anaerobic respiration used instead of aerobic?
when the body is unable to supply enough oxygen to the cells
what is anaerobic respiration?
the incomplete breakdown of glucose
why does anaerobic repiration release less energy than aerobic?
it doesn’t completely breakdown glucose
why do we get muscle cramps?
when we anaerobically respire lactic acid is produced. lactic acid is poisonous and builds up in the muscles prventing them from relaxing and contracting so the muscle cells become tired and fatigued
what is oxygen debt?
when during anaerobic respiration lactic acid is made which is poisonous so needs to be broken down quickly. Oxygen is needed for this. The amount of oxygen that is needed is called the oxygen debt.
This occurs in the liver
how is lactic acid removed?
it is transported to the liver, converted into glucose and then broken down
what does the amount of lactic acid produced increase?
recovery time
what is anaerobic respiration in plants and yeast called?
fermentation
what is the word equation for fermentation?
glucose ——> ethanol + carbon dioxide
what is metabolism?
the sum of all reactions in a cell or the body
what is the energy from repiration used for?
the continual enzyme controlled processes of metabolism that synthesize new molecules
