Research Methods - Aims and Hypotheses Flashcards
What is a hypothesis?
The research prediction, based on a theory or observation
What is a hypothesis for a correlation?
A prediction about the relationship between two variables
What is an alternate hypothesis also known as?
Experimental or ‘actual’ hypothesis
What is the alternate hypotheses?
The prediction that there will be an effect (IV to DV or correlation between the two)
What is an independent variable?
The variable that is manipulated
What is a dependent variable?
The variable that is measured
For correlations, what is the hypothesis always called?
Alternate hypothesis
What is a one-tailed hypothesis?
The prediction that the outcome will only go one way
What is a one-tailed hypothesis also known as?
A directional hypothesis
How many outcomes does a one-tailed hypothesis have?
One
What is a two-tailed hypothesis?
A prediction that there will be an effect but the effect is not specified
What is an example of an alternate one-tailed hypothesis for correlations?
‘There will be a positive correlation between the amount of independent study students complete and their A Level grades’
What is an example of an alternate two-tailed hypothesis for correlations?
‘There will be a correlation between the number of hours’ paid work a week students do in term time and their A Level exam scores.’
What is a null hypothesis?
A prediction that there will be no effect
What is an example of a null hypothesis?
‘There will be no difference in the number of errors made on the eyes task between “normal” adults and adults with HFA or As even if the research hypothesis predicted fewer errors in “normal” adults.’
