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Anatomy > Reproductive System > Flashcards

Reproductive System Flashcards

1
Q

Male productive system function

A

It is to produce sperm & deliver them to female body. So sperm can untied with one ovum to create a new human

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2
Q

Female productive system function

A

It is to produce eggs for fertilizations each month. Once fertilized to nourish and protect the growing fetus until childbirth.

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3
Q

Scrotum

A

sack-like structure surrounding the testicles. Protects & support the testicles. It is suspended from from pubic arch behind the penis.

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4
Q

testicles (testes)

A

two small egg-shaped glands that produce the sperm

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5
Q

seminiferous tubules

A

Within each testicles. sperm are formed within the seminiferous tubules.

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6
Q

epididymis

A

coiled tube at the upper part of each testicle. It runs down the length of the testicle upward toward the body where its forms the vas deferens. Main function is to transport sperm

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7
Q

spermatic cord

A

attached to each testicles are the spermatic rods extending upward from the epididymis.

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8
Q

penis

A

male sex organ that transports the sperm into the female vagina. it is made of three columns of erectile tissue.

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9
Q

glans penis

A

head of the penis located at the tip of the penis

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10
Q

foreskin / prepuce

A

retractable double layers fold of skin that covers and protects the glans penis

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11
Q

vas deferens

A

Known as ductus deferens. It is a long narrow continuation of each epididymis. It joins the urethra

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12
Q

seminal vesicles

A

these are glands that secrete a thick ,yellow substances that nourishes the sperm cells. They are located at base of the urinary bladder.

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13
Q

ejaculatory duct

A

tube begins at the vas deferens and passes through prostate gland. It then empties into the urethra. During a reflex action caused by the ejaculatory ducts, semen passes into the urethra. Semen then exits the body through the penis

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14
Q

prostate gland

A

gland lies under the bladder and surrounds the end of the urethra where the vas deferens enter the urethra. It secretes a very thick, alkaline fluid to make semen. This fluid aids the motility of the sperm.

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15
Q

bulbourethral glands

A

There are two bulbourethral glands/ Cowper’s glands size of a pea-shaped. These are found below the prostate gland one on each side of the urethra. The glands secrete prejaculate during sexual arousal that helps flush out residual urine and foreign matter in the urethra. It also lubricated the urethra so the sperm pass through unencumbered.

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16
Q

urethra

A

organ is also part of the urinary tract. It passes through the penis to the outside of body serving both systems

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17
Q

mons pubis

A

rounded, fleshy prominence located over the pubic symphysis

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18
Q

vulva

A

consists of the labia, clitoris, bartholin’s glands, and vaginal orifice

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19
Q

clitoris

A

organ that is sensitive and contains erectile tissue. Located anterior to the urethral meatus and vaginal orifice

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20
Q

bartholin’s gland

A

2 small round glands produce a mucus secretion to lubricate the vagina

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21
Q

labia majora and labia minora

A

Lip-type structures that protect the external genitalia and urethral meatus in vagina

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22
Q

vaginal orifice

A

exterior opening of vagina

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23
Q

breasts

A

fatty tissue that include mammary glands suspended by ligaments between the skin and pectoral muscles

24
Q

mammary glands

A

these glands produced milk for nourishing the newborn infant. It include lactiferous ducts that that carry milk.

25
Q

ovaries

A

a pair of small almond-shaped organs in the lower abdomen, on either side of the uterus. It produces and stores eggs and makes hormones that control the menstrual cycle and pregnancy

26
Q

ova

A

Known as egg. Present at birth. After puberty, one egg (normally) matures and is released each moth for potential fertilization

27
Q

fallopian tubes

A

two fallopian tubes that extend from upper end of the uterus to point near ovary

28
Q

infundibulum

A

funnel-shaped opening into the fallopian tube near the ovary. it catches and releases the eggs

29
Q

fimbriae

A

fringed, finger- like extensions of the infundibulum. it catches and releases the eggs

30
Q

uterus

A

pear-shaped organs with muscular walls. Inside is a mucous membrane lining with a rich blood vessel supply. The main function of the uterus is to nourish the developing fetus prior to birth

31
Q

vagina

A

muscular tube lined with mucosa extending from the cervix to the outside of the body.

32
Q

cervix

A

lower, narrow portion uterus that extends into the vagina. The cervix allows fluids, such as menstrual blood, to pass from the uterus into the vagina. It also widens during the birth of a baby

33
Q

perimenopause

A

female transition between regular menstrual periods and no periods

34
Q

menopause

A

normal termination of menstruation in women during middle age.

35
Q

If fertilization does take place

A

Fertilized egg implants in the endometrial wall so that the egg can develop into a fetus.

36
Q

ovulation

A

Refer to release of the mature egg from a follicle on the surface of one of the ovaries. This happens on about the 14th day of the female’s menstrual cycle. When ovum is released, it is caught up in the fimbriae of the fallopian tube and moved along toward the uterus. This takes about 5 days. If sperm is present, one can fertilize the ovum. After ovum has been released, the ruptured follicle enlarges and becomes the corpus luteum which secretes progesterone during the second half of the menstrual cycle. This helps the uterine lining grow to support the fertilized egg. If the ovum is not fertilized, the corpus luteum dies and is eliminated as menstrual flow

37
Q

fertilization

A

During sexual intercourse, male ejaculate about 100 million sperm into the female’s vagina. The sperm travel upward through the vagina, into the uterus, and into the fallopian tube.

38
Q

Conception

A

when sperm penetrates and fertilizes the descending ovum. The union is the beginning of new life and forms a single cell- a zygote. After fertilization, the zygote travels to the uterus and embeds in the uterus lining. At the 8th week of pregnancy, the zygote is referred to as an embryo. From the 9th week, the baby in utero is called a fetus.

39
Q

Chorion

A

outer membrane that encloses the embryo

40
Q

placenta

A

temporary organ that forms in uterus to allow the exchange of nutrients, oxygen, and waste products between the mother and the growing fetus. It also secrete hormones to maintain pregnancy.

41
Q

amnioti sac

A

Innermost membrane surrounding the embryo in the uterus. Amniotic fluid is the liquid that protects the fetus inside the uterus.

42
Q

afterbirth

A

When the placenta and fetal membranes are expelled after the birth of the baby.

43
Q

umbilical cord

A

Refers to the tube that carries blood, oxygen, and nutrients from the placenta to the growing fetus and transports waste from the fetus and transports waste from the fetus to be disposed of through the mother’s excretory system. The umbilical cord is attached to the fetus at the naval.

44
Q

gestation

A

period of development of the baby in the uterus. Last for about 280 days or 40 weeks

45
Q

Pregnancy

A

Condition of having a developing baby in the uterus. It is divided into three trimesters. Each trimester is about 13 weeks

46
Q

Due date

A

Estimated date of confinement (EDC). It is calculated from the first day of menstrual period.

47
Q

nulligravida

A

woman who has neven been pregnant

48
Q

nullipara

A

woman who has never borne a viable child

49
Q

primigravida

A

woman during her first pregnancy

50
Q

primipara

A

woman who has one viable child

51
Q

multiparous

A

woman who has given birth two or more times

52
Q

first stage of labor

A

gradual dilation and effacement of cervix and rupture of the amniotic sac

53
Q

effacement

A

process which cervix prepares for delivery by softening , shortening and thinning

54
Q

second stage of labor

A

Begins when the cervix is dilated to 10cm. Contraction of the uterus becomes stronger and more frequent. When the mother can begin pushing to expel the child through the birth canal.

55
Q

crowning

A

Also known as cephalic presentation. When baby’s head is coming out first

56
Q

the third stage of delivery

A

the placenta is expelled from the mother as afterbirth.

Anatomy (17 decks)

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