Integumentary System Flashcards
Skin
Skin has three layers
- epidermis (outer layer)
- dermis
- subcutaneous layer (inner layer)
Skin contain
arteries
vein
sweat
hair
hair follicle
sense receptors
nerve
sebaceous gland
Skin Function
Control body temperature & water content
Prevent water loss from skin
Control body heat loss from hair
Synthesize vitamin D from UV Rays & prevent harmful radiation
Protect body from pathogen
Secrete oil gland for inhabitation from bacteria growth on skin
Sensing the sense of touch
Protecting dorsal surface of fingers & toes
Mechanism of Skin Pigmentation
- Exposure UV Light, lead to reactive oxygen generated
- melanin excessive produce melanocytes
- skin pigmentation are generated
Stages of hair growth
- Anagen (growth phase)
2.Catagen (transition phase)
3.Telogen(resting phase)
acne vulgaris
chronic inflammation disease by pustule eruption of skin. Caused by over production of sebum. Occur mostly in puberty
seborrhea
overactivity of sebaceous gland
seborrheic keratosis
benign skin growth. waxy in appearance.
onychia
inflammation of the bed of fingernail or toe nail
onychocryptosis
ingrown nails. nail grow inward that cause inflammation
onychomycosis
fungal infection of nail, can be caused by several different fungi
tinea
ring worm; fungal infection in skin, hair, or nails
mycosis
abnormal condition caused by fungus
gangrene
death of tissue mainly caused by loss of circulation to area
parasitic infestation
dwelling of microscopic parasites on surface of skin. Parasite live and can lay egg and reproduce on skin surface
impetigo
contagious bacterial infection that occur in children. That become crusted then rupture.
lesions
fluid filled sacs or pocket in the skin. various type on structure, size, fluid type & depth of skin tissue
scab or crust
collection of dried serum and cellular debris after an injury
weal
smooth, slightly elevated swollen area that is more red or paler than surrounding skin. usually itch
macule
discolor flat spot less than 1cm in diameter (freckles or flat moles)
nodule
solid, raised lesion larger than 0.5 cm in diameter. Can cause scarring
psoriasis
common skin disorder resulting in flare-up which red papules covered w/ silvery scales occur on elbows, knees, scalp, back or buttock
acanthosis nigricans
areas of skin that develop dark, wart like patches
albinism
genetic condition where there is a deficiency of pigment in skin long with hair and irises of the eye
chloasma
also known as hyperpigmentation . brown spots on face often occur in pregnancy after delivery
vitiligo
autoimmune disease. condition resulting from destruction of the melanocytes
alopecia
baldness of hair. partial or complete
folliculitis
inflammation of hair follicle. common cause is bacteria found in poorly chlorinated hot tub or whirlpools
hirsutism
presence of excessive body and facial hair in women. can cause by hormone imbalance
contusion
BRUISE . injury to skin without breaking skin surface
dermatitis; contact dermatitis
inflammation of skin; result from contact with allergen
eczema
persistent or recurrent dermatitis. resulting in redness itching and dryness
exfoliative dermatitis (erythroderma)
widespread scaling of skin
fissure
a groove or crack in the skin
ulcer
open wound resulting in tissue loss around the edge
epidermis
Top outer layer of the skin. Made up of thin membrane of squamous epithelium that will turn into stratified squamous epithelium. Does not have any blood supply, connective tissue and lymphatic vessels. Depend on dermis. Create a barrier to infection
Keratin
Hard protein cell produced by the body. Also known as horny cell that last about 3-4 weeks before it is shred and replace. Found in hair & nail & inside of epidermal cells
basal layer
deepest layer of the epidermis. This living layer constantly multiples and divides to supply cells to replace cells that are sloughed off the skin surfaced
dermis
It composed of collagen fibers that give skin elasticity & protects vessels and fiber with layer
subcutaneous layer
also known as hypodermis. Made up of fat cells. Lipocytes are there to protect organs below, store energy and to provide insulation
Hair
Color of your hair is result of melanin production.
Hair shaft
older keratinized cells that hair root force upward, found within the hair follicle
Arrector pills
smooth muscle attached to root of the hair. when it is contract you get what call goose bump
hair follicle
sac that hair fiber grows in
hair root
base of the hair itself
Nail
Nail has its own layer of: nail body, bed, adipose tissue (cushioning), and phalanx (bone)
Sebaceous glands
Found in dermis layer. It secrete sebum that help lubricate skin and keep water loss to minimum.
sudoriferous sweat gland
Typical sweat gland of skin. Body natural temperature regulator, secrete perspiration through sweat duct to pore.
apocrine sweat gland
Active after puberty begins. Located at the pubic, anal and mammary areas. It secrete substance that can produce odor when it come in contact with bacteria on skin that known as body odor.
