reproductive lab skills Prac

Question 1

the connective tissue of the medistinum (testis) should appear ……… on US

Answer 1

central hyperechoic line

Question 2

the epididymis appears how on US

Answer 2

coiled structure at one pole = hypoechoic relative to testicular parenchyma

Question 3

testicular parenchyma appears how on US

Answer 3

relatively hypoechoic, homogenous with regular diffuse echogenic stippling

orange = mediastinum, yellow = scrotal skin

Question 4

outline the steps of rat castration

Answer 4

1. place rat in dorsal recumbency
2. make cranial scrotal incision
3. bluntly dissect to separate the testicles from the scrotal fascia
4. use a swab to help break down the fascia and exteriorise the testicle
5. important to do closed castration as rats have an open inguinal ring
6. place 2x artery forceps between the testicle and the body wall
7. place a ligature beneath the artery forceps nearest to the body wall
8. cut between the 2 artery forceps with your scalpel
9. holding the end of the stump with rat tooth forceps, check for bleeding then release
10. repeat on contralateral testicle
11. simple continuous subcuticular sutures to close dead space and bring skin edges together
12. tissue glue/simple interrupted skin sutures to close

Question 5

outline the steps of canine castration

Answer 5

1. place dog in dorsal recumbency
2. advance one testicle into the pre-scrotal area by applying pressure over the draped scrotum with your non-dominant hand
3. incise through the skin along the median raphe over the testicle
4. incise the spermatic fascia and parietal vaginal tunic
5. place an artery forcep across tunic at attachment with the epididymis and digitallty separate the ligament of the tail of the epidiylis from the tunic
6. place 2 pairs of artery forceps parellel to each other across the vascular cord and ductus deferens. ligate these structures
7. transect between forceps with metzenbaums or blade
8. apply adson forceps to the stump on the ductus deferens and release the artery forceps
9. observe for bleeding
10. gently lower into wound and observe for bleeding
11. place ligature around parietal vaginal tunic, trim the excess and lower into the wound
12. repeat through same incision site for second testicle and close wound

Question 6

What is the name of the stain we would use to assess sperm vitality?

Answer 6

nigrosin eosin

Question 7

describe the abnormality

Answer 7

live with a tail abnormality

Question 8

state the abnormality seen in the image below

Answer 8

multiple abnormalities

Question 9

How and why would we know that a sperm cell is dead?

Answer 9

th sperm shall be pink because the membranes are broken and therefore able to absorb the eosin stain

Question 10

describe the image

Answer 10

live with head abnormality

Question 11

how will the following abnormality affect the sperm cell’s movement

Answer 11

will decrease swimming speed

Question 12

describe the image

Answer 12

a live sperm for which there are abnormalities in the head, midpiece and tail

Question 13

calculate the % f dead sperm to the nearest whole number

Answer 13

43%