male reproductive anatomy

Question 1

what is the function of the testis

Answer 1

• make spermatozoa
• produce testosterone

Question 2

what is the function of the epididymis

Answer 2

long tube following edge of testis. secretions released along where they mature and then are stored in the tail

Question 3

what is the function of the ductus deferens

Answer 3

brings sperm from tail of epididymis to pelvic urethra

Question 4

what is the function of the accessory reproductive glands

Answer 4

secrete further fluid to mix with the sperm and form ejaculate

Question 5

discuss the location of the testis and its anatomy

Answer 5

• located in an envagination of the peritoneum (vaginal tunic)
• covered by tunica albuginea (innermost layer)
• then visceral layer of vaginal tunic
• then parietal layer of vaginal tunic
• in between visceral and parietal layer is peritoneal fluid

Question 6

what is the tuinica albuginea

Answer 6

• connective tissue
• smooth muscle

Question 7

what is the visceral vaginal tunic

Answer 7

peritoneum

Question 8

what are the layers of the scrotum

Answer 8

• parietal vaginal tunic
• scrotal fascia
• tunica dartos
• scrotal skin

Question 9

Answer 9

Question 10

which cells produce testosterone

Answer 10

leydig cells

Question 11

what is a sertoli cell and how are they involved with seminiferous tubules

Answer 11

sorround them

Question 12

what is the seminiferous tubule

Answer 12

• one highly convoluted unbranched tubule
• convoluted tubulus contortus = spermatozoa production
• straight = tubulus rectus
• rete tubules - mediastinum
• efferent ducts 10-20 connect to epididymis head

Question 13

what is the function of the epididymus

Answer 13

• one long convoluted duct surrounded by smooth muscle
• transports spermatozoa
• resorption of fluid
• secretions of proteins
• head and body do continuous transport of spermatozoa (matures)
• tail stores mature spermatozoa
• smooth muscles contract during sexual stimulation
• spermatozoa are then transported into ductus deferens

Question 14

what is this

Answer 14

ductus deferens
- has very strong smooth muscle wall for propulsion of sperm

Question 15

what is in the spermatic cord

Answer 15

• ductus deferens
• testicular artery and vein
• nerve and lymphatic supply for testis
• cremaster muscle

Question 16

what is the pampiniform plexus and what are the functions

Answer 16

network of venules covering arteries
- functions to exchange heat, transfers testosterone from testicular vein to artery

Question 17

how do the testis maintain temperature control

Answer 17

• pampiniform plexus
• tunica dartos (smooth muscle in scrotal skin) for long lasting contraction
• cremaster muscle (striated muscle in spermatic cord) for short term elevation of testes

Question 18

discuss the blood supply to the testis

Answer 18

• testicular arteries (direct branches of the abdominal aorta)
• testicular veins (branches of the caudal vena cava (right) and renal vein(left))

Question 19

what artery does the blood supply to the glands, urethra and penis originate

Answer 19

internal pudendal artery

Question 20

what nerve does the dorsal penis nerve originate

Answer 20

terminal branch of the pudendal nerve

Question 21

list accessory sex glands

Answer 21

• ampulla of the deferent duct
• vesicular gland
• prostate gland (body and disseminate)
• bulbourethral gland

Question 22

which animals have which accessory sex glands (which animals lack which ones)

Answer 22

Question 23

prostatic disease in the dog compresses which structure

Answer 23

rectum

Question 24

list muscles of the male reproductive tract and their locations

Answer 24

• bulbospongiosus muscle
• urethralis muscle
• retractor penis muscle
• ischiocavernosus muscle (enclosed in the crura penis)

Question 25

what are the columns of erectile tissue in the penis

Answer 25

• corpus cavernosum (2)
• corpus spongiosum

Question 26

what are the two type of penis and how

Answer 26

fibroelastic
musculocavernous