Reproduction Revealed 10-12

Question 1

Most reliable form of birth control

Answer 1

abstinence

Question 2

Ways to chart ovulation

Answer 2

mittelschmerz, basal body temp, spinnbarkeit, changes in raising/lowering cervix, mood changes

Question 3

Oral contraceptives contain what?

Answer 3

estrogen and progesterone

Question 4

Ovulation never occurs because the entire cycle is a like

Answer 4

a false luteal phase

Question 5

When is conception most likely to take place?

Answer 5

1-2 days before conception

Question 6

What method involves measuring basal body temp upon waking to determine when ovulation occured

Answer 6

the rhythm method

Question 7

Andy refers to the luteal phase as

Answer 7

the honeymoon phase

Question 8

Barrier methods for birth control

Answer 8

diaphragm, cervical cap both with spermicide

Question 9

Female equivalent of a vasectomy

Answer 9

tubal ligation

Question 10

During postmenopausal years, the ovaries

Answer 10

are depleted of follicles and stop secreting estradiol and inhibin

Question 11

only estrogen found in postmenopausal women and cells that make it

Answer 11

estrone, mesenchymal

Question 12

What produces the “Hot flashes”

Answer 12

vasomotor disturbance

Question 13

the ability of 10% of sperm to fertilize an ovum

Answer 13

capacitation

Question 14

The pH of sperm cytoplasm _____ and activates ___ in the flagellum

Answer 14

d\increases, dynein

Question 15

Rise in pH opens what channels to allow what to enter?

Answer 15

Catsper, calcium

Question 16

What guides the sperm toward the ovum?

Answer 16

chemotaxis, thermotaxis

Question 17

Binding the sperm with the zona pellucida triggers what?

Answer 17

acrosome reaction and entry of calcium

Question 18

Fertilization stimulates what change in the ER of the oocyte?

Answer 18

Ca2+ wave

Question 19

The fertilization of the egg with many sperm

Answer 19

polyspermy

Question 20

a single zygote that splits to become 2 embryos

Answer 20

monozygotic

Question 21

All mitochondiral DNA is inherited from

Answer 21

mother’s oocyte

Question 22

In vitro fertilization giving a woman injection of what to stimulate what?

Answer 22

gonadotropin, ovarian hyperstimulation

Question 23

Fertilization of the oocytes in vitro fertilization is produced by

Answer 23

intracytoplasmic sperm injection, injection straight through the zona pellucida

Question 24

When egg implants outside of the womb

Answer 24

ectopic pregnancy

Question 25

can terminate pregnancy with what chemotherapy drug?

Answer 25

methotrexate

Question 26

Where was the embryo implanted in the vital signs article?

Answer 26

muscular wall of the uterus

Question 27

The third cleavage produces a

Answer 27

morula

Question 28

2 parts of a blastocyst

Answer 28

inner cell mass, surrounding chorion

Question 29

What cells form the chorion

Answer 29

trophoblast cells

Question 30

On the _____ day the blastocyst attaches to the uterine wall with the ____ positioned against the endometrium

Answer 30

6th, inner cell mass

Question 31

Another word for implantation

Answer 31

nidation

Question 32

Most of lost pregnancies are due to

Answer 32

failure of implantation

Question 33

Pregnancy tests use ____ to detect ______

Answer 33

monoclonal antibodies, human chorionic gonadotropin

Question 34

What hormone is hCG identical to and what effect does it have

Answer 34

lutenizing, maintains corpus luteum so no fall in estradiol or progesterone

Question 35

The chorion splits into 2 layers called

Answer 35

cytotrophoblast and syncytiotrophoblast

Question 36

What layter of the inner cell mass with become the nervous system and skin?

Answer 36

ectoderm

Question 37

Leafy appering structure formed from the cytotrophoblast

Answer 37

chorion frondosum

Question 38

If perfusion of the uterus is inadequate then what happens

Answer 38

preeclampsia

Question 39

The placenta prodces peripheral generation of Treg cells why

Answer 39

its immunologically privelaged

Question 40

maternal tissue in contact with the chorion frondosum

Answer 40

decidua basalis

Question 41

What two things form the placenta

Answer 41

chrion frondosum and decidua basalis

Question 42

Why can amniocentesis help early detection of disease in fetus

Answer 42

because the fluid contains the genetic composition of the cells

Question 43

microscopic observation of chrmomsomes

Answer 43

karyotyping

Question 44

biochemical analysis of dna using

Answer 44

chromosomal microarrays

Question 45

Abnormal number of chromosomes occurs in what two disorders

Answer 45

Down's syndrome and Turner's syndrome

Question 46

What provides larger numbers of fetal cells than amniocentesis and can be performed earlier in pregnancy

Answer 46

chorionic villus sampling

Question 47

Mother's blood plasma can now test for

Answer 47

sex of fetus