Reproduction Lab Flashcards
How long does it take for a spermatozoa to form?
~60 days
Name five common contraceptive methods
Condom, diaphragm, pill, IUD, vasectomy/tubal ligation
What does the combined oral contraceptive pill do?
Elevates oestrogen and progesterone levels which inhibits FSH and LH, leading to inhibition of ovulation
How does the contraceptive pill prevent pregnancy?
Inhibits GnRH
What contraceptive device comes in direct contact with the cervix?
Diaphragm
What does a chemical IUD do?
Immobilise sperm, increase WBC in the uterus
What does a hormonal IUD do?
Slowly secrete progesterone to increase cervical mucous
What do spermicides do to sperm?
Disrupt sperm plasma membranes
How many chromosomes do spermatogonia have?
46 (2n)
How many chromosomes do primary spermatocytes have?
46 (2n)
How many chromosomes do secondary spermatocytes have?
23 (n)
How many chromosomes do spermatids have?
23 (n)
How many chromosomes do spermatozoa have?
23 (n)
What cells dispose of the excess sperm cytoplasm?
Sustenicular cells
What is the final stage of spermatogenesis?
Spermiogenesis
How many sperm complete spermatogenesis every day?
300 million
How long is a spermatid?
60um
How long is the head of the sperm?
4-5um
What is the process in which oocytes degenerate?
Atresia
What is the state of the oocytes prior to puberty?
Primordial follicles in prophase of meiosis 1
How many chromosomes does an oogonium have?
46 (2n)
How many chromosomes does a primary oocyte have?
46 (2n)
How many chromosomes does a secondary oocyte have?
23 (n)
At what stage is a secondary oocyte prior to fertilisation?
Meiosis 2
What do high levels of progesterone do?
Inhibit secretion of GnRH and LH
What 2 hormones decrease the most immediately following ovulation?
LH and estrogen
What is non-incisional sterilization?
Insertion of coil made of polyester fibres and metals, which scar tissue grows around
