Rat Lab 1 Flashcards
The duodenum receives material from which three organs?
Stomach, liver, pancreas
What structure in the abdominal cavity has the most vascular appearance?
The spleen
What is the structure that prevents choking?
Epiglottis
How many pleural cavities are there?
2
What abdominal structures do humans have but rats do not?
Gall bladder & appendix
What is the order that food passes through the digestive system in a rat? (starting with oesophagus)
Oesophagus-> stomach -> small intestine (DJI) -> caecum -> colon - > rectum -> anus
What is the first serous membrane cut during the rat disection?
Parietal Peritoneum
What are the 2 regions of the stomach and their functions?
Transparent anterior region - food storage
Opaque posterior region - acid + enzymes
What is the name of the sphincter between the stomach and duodenum, and what is its function?
Pyloric sphincter - controls the flow of chyme between the stomach and duodenum
What attaches the coils of the small intestine?
Mesentery
Name the 3 sphincters and describe their control
Pyloric - involuntary
Rectum - involuntary
Anus - partial voluntary
What structure separates the abdominal and thoracic cavity?
The diaphragm
Where does the reabsorption of water mainly occur?
Small intestine
Where does dehydration of digestive contents occur?
Colon
What is the largest gland in the body?
Liver
What are the two organs in the rat that secrete their products directly into the Duodenum via a common duct?
Pancreas and liver
Where is bile produced in rats?
Liver
What body system does the spleen belong to?
Lymphatic
What is the name of the ducts that connect the liver to the small intestine?
Hepatic ducts
Which structure in the abdominal cavity has the least vascular appearance?
Stomach
What is the endocrine function of the liver?
Hormones
What is the exocrine function of the liver?
Bile secretion
What is the exocrine function of the pancreas?
Digestive enzymes
What is the endocrine function of the pancreas?
Insulin & glucagon
What is the function of bile?
Breakdown lipids
What is the name of the membrane that lines the right lung?
Visceral pleura
Name the body cavities and how many there are
Peritoneum x1
Pericardial x1
Pleural x2
What is the function of mesentery tissue?
Attaches the intestines to the wall of the abdomen and provides a medium for vessels to run through
What type of cells comprise the visceral and parietal layers of body cavities?
Mesothelia
What 2 structures make up the roof of the mouth?
Hard palate (anterior) and soft palate (posterior)
What is the glottis?
The opening of the trachea
Where do the kidneys lie?
Near the spine
What does the pancreas secrete?
Alkaline digestive juices (exocrine)
& Hormones (insulin & glucagon - endocrine)
Where does the pancreas secrete its digestive juices?
Duodenum
Where is bile stored in humans?
Gall bladder
What produces bile?
The liver
Where does the liver secrete bile into?
The duodenum
What duct does the liver secrete bile through?
Hepatic bile duct
What material is broken down in the caecum?
Cellulose
What kind of teeth do rats have?
3x Molar on each side
1x Incisor on each side
