reproduction and inheritance

Question 1

What is an allele?

Answer 1

a version of a gene

Question 2

homozygous meaning

Answer 2

• both alleles look the same

Question 3

heterozygous meaning

Answer 3

• alleles are different in an individual

Question 4

genotype meaning

Answer 4

• alleles of an organism

Question 5

phenotype meaning

Answer 5

• physical expression of genes

Question 6

dominant meaning

Answer 6

• the allele expressed in a heterozygote

Question 7

recessive meaning

Answer 7

• allele only expressed when 2 of them - homozygous

Question 8

co-dominance meaning

Answer 8

• when both alleles are expressed in the phenotype

Question 9

explain Darwin’s theory of evolution by natural selection

Answer 9

• those best adapted will survive to reproduce in greater numbers than those less well adapted
• they pass on their advantageous alleles
• offspring tend to inherit the advantageous

Question 10

What does MAVARIPS stand for?

Answer 10

-Mutation
-Allele
-Variation
-Adaptation
-Reproduction
-inherit
-Population
-Speciation

Question 11

process of bacteria becoming resistant to antibiotics

Answer 11

-none are resistant and penicillin not used
- doctors began to use penicillin, killing bacteria
- chance mutation gave some bacteria resistance
- these were better adapted to the environment
- survived in greater numbers- fewer non-resistant bacteria, less competition for resources
- they reproduce rapidly, passing on resistance allele
- repeated each generation
- proportion of bacteria with resistance increased until most had